Jewish food laws, Sabbath, circumcision, and calendar observance are absurd
The author has just dismissed pagan idolatry and Jewish sacrificial worship; now he turns to the remaining Jewish practices—food rules, Sabbath, circumcision, and calendar observance—arguing that Diognetus does not need to be taught how ridiculous they are.
But as for their timidity about foods, their superstition about the Sabbath, their boasting about circumcision, and their pretense about fasting and the new moon, these things are laughable and not worth a word. I do not think you need to learn about them from me.
For when God created things for human use, how is it not forbidden to accept some of them as well made but to reject others as useless and superfluous?
And how is it not impious to tell lies about God, as though he forbids doing something good on the Sabbath day?
And how is it not worthy of mockery to boast that the mutilation of the flesh is a mark of election, as though they are for this reason especially loved by God?
And who would consider it a sign of piety rather than of great foolishness to sit attending to the stars and the moon, keeping watch over months and days, and to divide up God's arrangements and the changes of the seasons according to their own impulses, some for festivals and some for times of mourning?
So I think you have learned sufficiently how rightly Christians keep away from the common folly and deceit and from the meddlesomeness and boasting of the Jews. But do not expect to be able to learn the mystery of their own piety from any human being.
Greek
Ἀλλὰ μὴν τό γε περὶ τὰς βρώσεις αὐτῶν ψοφοδεὲς καὶ τὴν περὶ τὰ σάββατα δεισιδαιμονίαν καὶ τὴν τῆς περιτομῆς ἀλαζονείαν καὶ τὴν τῆς νηστείας καὶ νουμηνίας εἰρωνείαν, καταγέλαστα καὶ οὐδενὸς ἄξια λόγου, οὐ νομίζω σε χρῄζειν παῤ ἐμοῦ μαθεῖν.
τό τε γὰρ τῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ κτισθέντων εἰς χρῆσιν ἀνθρώπων ἃ μὲν ὡς καλῶς κτισθέντα παραδέχεσθαι, ἃ δ’ ὡς ἄχρηστα καὶ περισσὰ παραιτεῖσθαι, πῶς οὐκ ἀθέμιστον;
τὸ δὲ καταψεύδεσθαι θεοῦ ὡς κωλύοντος ἐν τῇ τῶν σαββάτων ἡμέρᾳ καλόν τι ποιεῖν, πῶς οὐκ ἀσεβές;
τὸ δὲ καὶ τὴν μείωσιν τῆς σαρκὸς μαρτύριον ἐκλογῆς ἀλαζονεύεσθαι ὡς διὰ τοῦτο ἐξαιρέτως ἠγαπημένους ὑπὸ θεοῦ, πῶς οὐ χλεύης ἄξιον;
τὸ δὲ παρεδρεύοντας αὐτοὺς ἄστροις καὶ σελήνῃ τὴν παρατήρησιν τῶν μηνῶν καὶ τῶν ἡμερῶν ποιεῖσθαι καὶ τὰς οἰκονομίας θεοῦ καὶ τὰς τῶν καιρῶν ἀλλαγὰς καταδιαιρεῖν πρὸς τὰς αὐτῶν ὁρμάς, ἃς μὲν εἰς ἑορτάς, ἃς δὲ εἰς πένθη: τίς ἂν θεοσεβείας καὶ οὐκ ἀφροσύνης πολὺ πλέον ἡγήσαιτο δεῖγμα;
τῆς μὲν οὖν κοινῆς εἰκαιότητος καὶ ἀπάτης καὶ τῆς Ἰουδαίων πολυπραγμοσύνης καὶ ἀλαζονείας ὡς ὀρθῶς ἀπέχονται Χριστιανοί, ἀρκούντως σε νομίζω μεμαθηκέναι: τὸ δὲ τῆς ἰδίας αὐτῶν θεοσεβείας μυστήριον μὴ προσδοκήσῃς δύνασθαι παρὰ ἀνθρώπου μαθεῖν.