Who Is the Rich Man That Shall Be Saved? · §3 · Clement of Alexandria

The rich must train like athletes for the heavenly contest

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Clement is addressing how teachers should deal with rich believers who have heard the Gospel's hard sayings about wealth.

They must neither be bold and insolent toward the rich who have been called, nor again fall down before them out of their own love of gain. First, by the word they must take away their empty despair and show, with the necessary explanation of the Lord's sayings, that the inheritance of the kingdom of heaven has not been cut off from them completely, if they obey the commandments. Then, when they learn that what they fear is a fear without cause and that the Savior gladly receives them when they are willing, they must also point out beforehand and initiate them into how and through what works and dispositions they may enjoy the hope, since it is neither impossible for them nor, on the contrary, something that comes to them without effort.

But just as it is with athletes, to compare small and perishable things with great and imperishable ones, let the person who is rich according to the world reason in the same way about himself. For among those athletes, the one who despairs that he will be able to win and obtain crowns does not enroll in the contest at all. But the one who places this hope in his mind, yet does not accept the labors and exercises and suitable food, remains uncrowned and fails in his hopes. So also let the one who has put on this earthly garment not proclaim himself excluded from the Savior's contests from the start, if he is faithful and perceives the greatness of God's love for humanity; nor again let him remain untrained and uncontested and hope to receive the crowns of incorruption without dust and without sweat. Rather, let him submit himself, bearing it, to the word as trainer and to Christ as judge of the contest. Let his appointed food and drink be the new covenant of the Lord, and the commandments his exercises. Let his seemliness and adornment be the good dispositions: love, faith, hope, knowledge of truth, gentleness, compassion, dignity, so that when the last trumpet signals the end of the race and the departure from here, as from the stadium of life, he may stand before the judge of the contest with a good conscience as victor, acknowledged as worthy of the fatherland above, into which he returns with crowns and angelic proclamations.

Greek

καὶ μήτε καταθρασυνομένους αὐθάδως τῶν πλουσίων κλητῶν μήτε αὖ πάλιν ὑποπίπτοντας αὐτοῖς διὰ οἰκείαν φιλοκέρδειαν, πρῶτον μὲν αὐτῶν ἐξαιρεῖν τῷ λόγῳ τὴν κενὴν ἀπόγνωσιν καὶ δηλοῦν μετὰ τῆς δεούσης ἐξηγήσεως τῶν λογίων τοῦ κυρίου διότι οὐκ ἀποκέκοπται τέλεον αὐτοῖς ἡ κληρονομία τῆς βασιλείας τῶν οὐρανῶν, ἐὰν ὑπακούσωσι ταῖς ἐντολαῖς· εἶθ᾿ ὁπόταν μάθωσιν ὡς ἀδεὲς δεδίασι δέος καὶ ὅτι βουλομένους αὐτοὺς ὁ σωτὴρ ἀσμένως δέχεται, τότε καὶ προδεικνύναι καὶ μυσταγωγεῖν, ὅπως ἂν καὶ δι᾿ οἵων ἔργων τε καὶ διαθέσεων ἐπαύραιντο τῆς ἐλπίδος, ὡς οὔτ᾿ ἀμηχάνου καθεστώσης αὐτοῖς οὔτε τοὐναντίον εἰκῇ περιγινομένης. ἀλλ᾿ ὅνπερ τρόπον ἔχει τὸ τῶν ἀθλητῶν, ἵνα μικρὰ καὶ ἐπίκηρα μεγάλοις καὶ ἀφθάρτοις παραβάλωμεν, τουτὶ καὶ ἐφ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ ὁ κατὰ κόσμον πλουτῶν λογιζέσθω. καὶ γὰρ ἐκείνων ὁ μὲν ὅτι δυνήσεται νικᾶν καὶ στεφάνων τυγχάνειν ἀπελπίσας οὐδ᾿ ὅλως ἐπὶ τὴν ἄθλησιν ἀπεγράψατο. ὁ δὲ ταύτην μὲν ἐμβαλόμενος τῇ γνώμῃ τὴν ἐλπίδα, πόνους δὲ καὶ γυμνάσια καὶ τροφὰς μὴ προσιέμενος προσφόρους, ἀστεφάνωτος διεγένετο καὶ διήμαρτε τῶν ἐλπίδων. οὕτως τις καὶ τὴν ἐπίγειον ταύτην περιβεβλημένος περιβολὴν μήτε τὴν ἀρχὴν ἑαυτὸν τῶν ἄθλων τοῦ σωτῆρος ἐκκηρυσσέτω, πιστός γε ὢν καὶ τὸ μεγαλεῖον συνορῶν τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας, μήτε μὴν αὖθις ἀνάσκητος καὶ ἀναγώνιστος μείνας ἀκονιτὶ κἀνιδρωτὶ τῶν στεφάνων τῆς ἀφθαρσίας ἐλπιζέτω μεταλαβεῖν· ἀλλ᾿ αὑτὸν ὑποβαλέτω φέρων γυμναστῇ μὲν τῶ λόγῳ. ἀγωνοθέτῃ δὲ τῷ Χριστῷ· τροφὴ δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ποτὸν γενέσθω τεταγμένον ἡ καινὴ διαθήκη τοῦ κυρίου. γυμνάσια δὲ αἱ ἐντολαί. εὐσχημοσύνη δὲ καὶ κόσμος αἱ καλαὶ διαθέσεις, ἀγάπη, πίστις. ἐλπίς, γνῶσις ἀληθείας . . . . . . . . . . . . . πραότης, εὐσπλαγχνία, σεμνότης, ἵν᾿, ὅταν ἡ ἐσχάτη σάλπιγξ ὑποσημήνῃ τοῦ δρόμου καὶ τῆς ἐντεῦθεν ἐξόδου καθάπερ ἐκ σταδίου τοῦ βίου, μετ᾿ ἀγαθοῦ τοῦ συνειδότος τῷ ἀθλοθέτῃ παραστῇ νικηφόρος, ὡμολογημένος τῆς ἄνω πατρίδος ἄξιος, εἰς ἣν μετὰ στεφάνων καὶ κηρυγμάτων ἀγγελικῶν ἐπανέρχεται.

About this text

Clement explains Jesus' saying about the camel and the needle's eye, and shows how a rich person may be saved.

This homily was written by Clement of Alexandria (c. 150–c. 215), a Greek Christian teacher who led the Catechetical School of Alexandria. He addressed it to fellow Christians who were troubled by Jesus' saying about the camel and the needle's eye, and who either despaired of rich believers being saved or flattered the wealthy. Clement wrote to remove that false despair and to show how a rich person may be saved.

The occasion is a controversy over the moral danger of wealth and the question of who can be saved. Clement argues that Jesus' command to sell one's possessions is not a command to become outwardly poor, but to renounce the passions and attachments of the soul that wealth can excite. The rich man in the Gospel is not condemned for having wealth, but for loving it more than eternal life. Salvation depends on the soul's disposition, not on external possessions, and wealth can be used rightly for love of neighbor.

A reader will meet Jesus, whose words from the Gospels are quoted and interpreted throughout, along with Peter, Martha, Mary, Zacchaeus, Levi, Matthew, and Paul. Clement also cites the pagan philosophers Anaxagoras, Democritus, and Crates as examples of people who gave up wealth for the wrong reasons. The work closes with the story of the apostle John and a young robber, offered as proof that no sinner is beyond hope. To follow the argument, know that Clement uses 'passions' for the disordered attachments of the soul, 'freedom from passions' for the state required for salvation, and 'worldly wealth' for what the Gospels call mammon of unrighteousness. Bible books follow the Septuagint names and Psalm numbering, so Gospel passages correspond to Mark 10:17-31, Matthew 19:16-30, and Luke 18:18-30 in modern Bibles.

New English from the Greek base text; no published English used as wording.

Printed text used

Translated from Clement of Alexandria Otto Stählin Stromata, Buch VII-VIII. Excerpta ex Theodoto. Eclogae prophetica. Hinrichs Leipzig 1909 Clemens Alexandrinus 3 (Greek)

This work has passed this project's source check. This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.