The rich man's failure and the disciples' fear
Clement is explaining why the rich man went away sad and why the disciples were then afraid, interpreting both reactions in terms of the passions rather than outward possessions.
Let those who are poor in the flesh and in need of such things keep them. But you, taking in exchange the spiritual wealth, would already have treasure in heaven.
The man of much money and lawful in the law did not understand these things in the right way, nor how the same person can be both poor and rich, and can both have money and not have it, and can use the world and not use it. So he went away gloomy and downcast, abandoning the order of life—the very thing he was able only to desire, but not to attain, because he made what was difficult impossible for himself. For it was difficult for the soul not to be carried about and dazzled by the luxuries that attend visible wealth and by its blooming enchantments, but it was not impossible to lay hold of salvation even in this, if someone transfers himself from perceptible wealth to the wealth that is understood and taught by God, and learns to use indifferent things well and properly, as one setting out toward eternal life.
The disciples too at first were themselves very fearful and astonished. When they heard this, why was it? Was it because they also possessed much money? No—they had long ago left behind those very things that were their only possessions: the little nets and hooks and the small boats that served them. What then did they fear when they said, "Who can be saved?" (Mark 10:26). They had heard well, as disciples, what the Lord had said in parable and obscurely, and they perceived the depth of the words. On account of their lack of possessions, then, they were hopeful about salvation. But since they were conscious that they had not yet completely put away the passions—for they were newly taught and had only recently been enlisted by the Savior—they were "utterly astonished" and despaired of themselves no less than that man of much money who clung so terribly to his possession, which he preferred to eternal life. It was altogether fitting, then, for the disciples to be afraid. For if both the one who possesses money and the one who is pregnant with the passions—with which they too were rich—will alike be driven away from heaven, then salvation belongs to souls that are free from passions and pure.
Greek
ἐκεῖνα ἐχέτωσαν οἱ σάρκινοι πτωχοὶ καὶ τούτων δεόμενοι, σὺ δὲ τὸν πνευματικὸν πλοῦτον ἀντιλαβὼν ἔχοις ἂν ἤδη θησαυρὸν ἐν οὐρανοῖς.‹
Ταῦτα μὴ συνιεὶς κατὰ τρόπον ὁ πολυχρήματος καὶ ἔννομος ἄνθρωπος μηδὲ ὅπως ὁ αὐτὸς καὶ πτωχὸς δύναται εἶναι καὶ πλούσιος καὶ ἔχειν τε χρήματα καὶ μὴ ἔχειν καὶ χρῆσθαι τῷ κόσμῳ καὶ μὴ χρῆσθαι, ἀπῆλθε στυγνὸς καὶ κατηφής, λιπὼν τὴν τάξιν τῆς ζωῆς. ἧς ἐπιθυμεῖν μόνον. ἀλλ᾿ οὐχὶ καὶ τυχεῖν ἠδύνατο, τὸ δύσκολον ποιήσας ἀδύνατον αὐτὸς ἑαυτῷ. δύσκολον γὰρ ἦν μὴ περιάγεσθαι μηδὲ καταστράπτεσθαι τὴν ψυχὴν ὑπὸ τῶν προσόντων ἁβρῶν τῷ προδήλῳ πλούτῳ καὶ ἀνθηρῶν γοητευμάτων, οὐκ ἀδύνατον δὲ τὸ καὶ ἐν τούτῳ λαβέσθαι σωτηρίας, εἴ τις ἑαυτὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰσθητοῦ πλούτου ἐπὶ τὸν νοητὸν καὶ θεοδίδακτον μεταγάγοι καὶ μάθοι τοῖς ἀδιαφόροις χρῆσθαι καλῶς καὶ ἰδίως καὶ ὡς ἂν εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον ὁρμήσαι. καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ δὲ τὸ πρῶτον μὲν καὶ αὐτοὶ περιδεεῖς καὶ καταπλῆγες γεγόνασιν. ἀκούσαντες τί δήποτε; ἆρά γε ὅτι χρήματα καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐκέκτηντο πολλά; ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὰ ταῦτα τὰ δικτύφια καὶ ἄγκιστρα καὶ τὰ ὑπηρετικὰ σκαφίδια ἀφῆκαν πάλαι, ἅπερ ἦν αὐτοῖς μόνα. τί οὖν φοβηθέντες λέγουσι· »τίς δύναται σωθῆναι;« καλῶς ἤκουσαν καὶ ὡς μαθηταὶ τοῦ παραβολικῶς καὶ ἀ σαφῶς λεχθέντος ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ ᾔσθοντο τοῦ βάθους τῶν λόγων. ἕνεκα μὲν οὖν χρημάτων ἀκτημοσύνης εὐέλπιδες ἦσαν πρὸς σωτηρίαν· ἐπειδὴ δὲ συνῄδεσαν ἑαυτοῖς μήπω τὰ πάθη τέλεον ἀποτεθειμένοις (ἀρτιμαθεῖς γὰρ ἦσαν καὶ νεωστὶ πρὸς τοῦ σωτῆρος ἠνδρολογημένοι), »περισσῶς ἐξεπλήσσοντο« καὶ ἀπεγίνωσκον ἑαυτοὺς οὐδέν τι ἧττον ἐκείνου τοῦ πολυχρημάτου καὶ δεινῶς τῆς κτήσεως περιεχομένου. ἥν γε προέκρινεν ζωῆς αἰωνίου. ἄξιον οὖν ἦν τοῖς μαθηταῖς φόβου πάντως. εἰ καὶ ὁ χρήματα κεκτημένος καὶ ὁ τῶν παθῶν ἔγκυος, ὧν ἐπλούτουν καὶ αὐτοί, παραπλησίως ἀπελασθήσονται οὐρανῶν· ἀπαθῶν γὰρ καὶ καθαρῶν ψυχῶν ἐστιν ἡ σωτηρία.