Sermon to the People of the Church of Caesarea · §5 · Augustine of Hippo

Prove love by holding unity

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Augustine is addressing Emeritus directly, testing what he claims to possess and urging him to prove his love by entering Catholic unity.

You changed the thief on the cross in one hour: change this opposer too. And surely let us see what you have. "I have," you say, "the sacrament, I have baptism." If I say to you, "Prove it," you show me what you received, you say what you confessed, you say what you hold. I recognize it, I do not change it, I do not breathe scorn upon it. Far be it from me that, when I seek the salvation of a deserter, I should insult the emperor. So you have proved to me that you have the sacrament; by explaining the sacrament you have proved to me that you have the faith. Prove to me that you have love: hold unity. I do not want you to say to me, "I have love." Prove it. We have one Father: let us pray together. What do you say when you pray, I ask you? "Our Father, who art in heaven." Thanks be to God. According to the teaching of our Lord you added: who art in heaven. For we each had fathers on earth; we have found one Father together in heaven. Our Father, who art in heaven: you call upon Him as Father. Our Father willed to have one wife. Why then, when we worship one Father, do we not recognize one mother? If you say you were born of another, she herself bore you from a foreign bosom. What I said, not all of you could understand. We know that through lawful wives it came about that even those who were not born of lawful wives were joined in the same inheritance. The will of the spouse did this. For Ishmael was disinherited. Sarah herself had borne him, though from another's womb. Sarah bore him from another's womb, by her own wish. For she said: I want you to make me children by her (Genesis 16:2), and so Abraham did it. For the wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does; likewise the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does (1 Corinthians 7:4). For he would have been a son, if he had not been proud; Ishmael was disinherited for pride. For the maidservant raised her neck, so that it was said: Cast out the maidservant and her son; for the son of the maidservant shall not be heir with my son Isaac (Genesis 21:10). Do you want to know what peace is worth, what concord is worth, what humility is worth, and what pride blocks? Pride disinherited Ishmael, but the sons of the maidservants from Jacob—because the lawful wives also wished them to be born—the sons of the maidservants of Jacob, we know, were called into one inheritance. All twelve patriarchs were counted together; no difference of womb separated one from another, because love joined them all. What difference does it make then where you received baptism? "Baptism is mine," Sarah says to you; "baptism is mine," Rachel says to you. Do not be proud; come to the inheritance, especially because that inheritance is not the land that was given to the sons of Jacob. The land was given to the sons of Israel; the more people possessed it, the more crowded it became. Our inheritance is called peace. I read the testament: My peace I give to you, my peace I leave with you (John 14:27). Let us hold together what cannot be divided. Many possessors do not crowd it; however many come, as it was promised: So shall your offspring be, like the stars of heaven and like the sand that is on the shore of the sea (Genesis 22:17). In your offspring shall all nations be blessed (Genesis 22:18). And I saw, he says in Revelation, many in white robes and holding palm branches, whom no one could number, coming from all nations (Revelation 7:9). Let them come, let them hold peace. Our possession does not become narrow; only dissension makes narrowness. See, my brothers, so that we still suffer narrowness, our brother's dissension is the cause: let him agree in peace, and breadth is made.

Latin

tu muta istum contradictorem, qui una hora in cruce mutasti latronem.'

Et certe uideamus quid habes. 'habeo,' inquis, 'sacramentum, habeo baptismum*. si dicam tibi 'proba', ostendis mihi quid acceperis, dicis quid confessus fueris, dicis quid teneas. agnosco, non muto, non exsufflo; absit ut, cum quaero salutem desertoris, faciam iniuriam imperatori. ergo probasti mihi quod habeas sacramentum; exponendo sacramentum probasti mihi te habere fidem. proba mihi quod habeas caritatem: tene unitatem. nolo mihi dicas 'habeo caritatem': proba. unum patrem habemus: simul oremus. quid tu dicis, quando oras, rogo te? 'pater noster qui es in caelis.' deo gratias. secundum magisterium domini nostri addidisti: qui es in caelis. singulos enim patres habebamus in terris, unum inuenimus simul in caelis. pater noster qui es in caelis: ipsum inuocas patrem. pater noster unam coniugem habere uoluit. qui ergo adoramus unum patrem, quare non agnoscimus unam matrem? si natum te dicis de alia, et de sinu alieno ipsa te peperit. quod dixi, non omnes intellegere potuistis. nouimus per legitimas coniuges factum esse, ut etiam, qui non de legitimis coniugibus nascerentur, in eadem hereditate sociarentur. hoc uoluntas coniugis fecit. nam Ismahel exheredatus est. ipsum Sara pepererat, etsi de utero alieno. Sara pepererat utero alieno, uoto suo. ipsa enim dixit: uolo enim de ista mihi filios facias, et ideo fecit Abraham. uxor enim non habet potestatem corporis sui, sed uir; similiter uir non habet potestatem corporis sui, sed mulier. nam filius esset, si non superbisset; superbus est exheredatus Ismahel. erexit enim ancilla ceruicem, ut diceretur: eice ancillam et filium eius; non enim heres erit filius ancillae cum filio meo Isaac. nam uis nosse quid ualeat pax, quid ualeat concordia, quid ualeat humilitas, et quid impediat superbia? Ismahelem exheredauit, filios autem ancillarum de Iacob, quia et illi ut nascerentur coniugia iusta uoluerunt, filios ergo ancillarum de Iacob nouimus in unam hereditatem aduocatos. simul numerati sunt omnes patriarchae duodecim; nullum ab altero uteri diuersitas separauit, quia omnes caritas sociauit. quid interest ergo ubi baptismum acceperis? baptismus meus est, dicit tibi Sara, baptismus meus est, dicit tibi Rachel. noli superbire, ueni ad hereditatem, maxime quia ipsa hereditas non est illa terra quae data est filiis Iacob. filiis Israel data est terra; quanto a pluribus possidebatur, tanto plus angustabatur. hereditas nostra pax uocatur; testamentum lego: pacem meam do uobis, pacem meam relinquo uobis. simul teneamus quod diuidi non potest. non eam angustat numerosus possessor, quanticumque uenerint, sicut promissum est: sic erit semen tuum tamquam stellae caeli et sicut arena quae est ad labium maris. in semine tuo benedicentur omnes gentes. et uidi, inquit in Apocalypsi, multos in stolis albis et habentes palmas, quos numerare nemo potest, uenientes ex omnibus gentibus. ueniant, pacem teneant. angusta non fit nostra possessio; angustias non facit nisi sola dissensio. ecce, fratres mei, ut angustias adhuc patiamur, dissensio facit fratris nostri: consentiat in pace, et facta est latitudo.