On the Imputation of Adam's First Sin · §30

Cap. VII §6: Chamier vs Bellarmine; meritorious cause only through corruption

So excellently to Bellarmine's objection from Romans 5 — as sin reigned unto death, so also grace might reign through righteousness unto eternal life — replies the most distinguished man whose hearer Placeus once was, Chamier, in these words (for I will transcribe his whole reply, because it is most worthy of reading). I reply that righteousness in this place cannot be granted to be understood as our internal renovation: but that righteousness of Christ by whose imputation we are just: (Nor do we grant that there is that force in the antithesis which would infer that.) We confess sin to be understood as that which reigned through death-bearing works: or better that very corruption inhering in us whence death-bearing works: but we wholly deny that therefore righteousness is to be understood as inhering in us. For the reason of falling is not altogether the same as of rising again. Man could not fall except through his own sin, never through another's. But in turn, he who fell through his own sin could not rise again except through another's righteousness. Just as a bankrupt cannot be in debt except through his own want: but no one can be freed of the same except through another's wealth — namely of him who pays money for him. Therefore sin is compared to righteousness not as inhering to inhering, by which Bellarmine deceives himself: but as cause to cause — thence of death, hence of life. Thus far Chamier. Since therefore the proposition — In whatever way Christ is the cause of justification, so Adam is the cause of condemnation — is not universally true, this conclusion cannot be drawn from it: Therefore as Christ is the meritorious cause of justification, so Adam is the meritorious cause of condemnation. For in whatever way a syllogism be formed from it, if it be in the first figure the form will be vicious; if in the third, the minor will be openly false. Yet grant that Adam is the meritorious cause of condemnation: will immediate imputation of Adam's sin thence follow? In no way. For he is the meritorious cause of our condemnation not immediately, or by a merit preceding hereditary corruption, but by the mediating of that corruption which he communicated with us. For he merited condemnation for us because he merited condemnation for himself, and propagated his merit or sin into us, and through sin or merit condemnation. For it is settled that we all draw from Adam guilt and condemnation by the mediating of hereditary corruption propagated from him into us. Which cannot likewise be said of Christ — that we draw justification from him by the mediating of an inhering righteousness propagated into us: for not as hereditary corruption is truly sin sufficient for our being condemned does righteousness inhering in us merit eternal life or suffice for justifying us. Those who oppose us, if they acknowledge this difference, see their arguments of this kind fall; if they do not acknowledge it, they depart from the confession of faith which the 28th National Synod confirmed. Which of the two do they choose?

Latin

Quare egregie ad obiect. Bellarm. ex Rom. 5. sicut regnavit peccatum in mortem, ita et gratia regnet per iustitiam ad vitam aeternam, respondet Clarissimus vir, cuius quondam auditor fuit Placeus, Chamierus, his verbis (transcribam enim totam eius responsionem, quia lectu dignissima est). Respondeo, iustitiam hoc loco intelligi internam renovationem nostram, concedi non posse: sed iustitiam illam Christi, cuius imputatione sumus iusti: (Neque concedimus illam in antithesi vim esse, quae illud inferat.) Peccatum fatemur intelligi id, quod regnabat per opera mortifera: sive melius ipsam illam corruptionem nobis inhaerentem unde opera mortifera: sed propterea iustitiam intelligendam nobis inhaerentem prorsus negamus. Non enim omnino eadem ratio cadendi, quae resurgendi. Cadere homo non potuit, nisi per proprium peccatum, nunquam per alienum. Sed vicissim, qui per proprium peccatum cecidit, non potuit resurgere, nisi per alienam iustitiam. Quemadmodum non potest decoctor in aere alieno esse, nisi per propriam indigentiam: sed nemo solvi idem non potest, nisi per alienam opulentiam; nimirum eius, qui pro eo pecunias numerat. Itaque Comparatur peccatum iustitiae, non tanquam inhaerens inhaerenti, quo seipsam decipit Bellarminus: sed tanquam causa causae, illinc mortis, hinc vitae. Hactenus Chamierus. Cum igitur propositio, Quomodo Christus est causa iustificationis, ita est Adamus causa condemnationis, non sit universaliter vera, non potest ex ea deduci haec conclusio: Ergo ut Christus est causa meritoria iustificationis, sic Adamus est causa meritoria condemnationis. Quocunque enim modo ex ea formetur syllogismus eius, si sit in prima figura, vitiosa erit forma; si in tertia, minor erit aperte falsa. Demus tamen, Adamum esse causam meritoriam condemnationis: num inde consequetur peccati Adamici imputatio immediata? nullo modo. Est enim causa meritoria nostrae condemnationis, non immediate, aut merito antecedente corruptionem haereditariam, sed mediante illa corruptione quam nobiscum communicavit. Meruit enim nobis condemnationem, quia meruit sibi condemnationem, et suum meritum seu peccatum in nos propagavit, ac per peccatum seu meritum condemnationem. Constat enim nos omnes ex Adamo reatum et condemnationem mediante corruptione haereditaria ab eo in nos propagata trahere. Id quod similiter de Christo dici non potest, nos iustificationem ab eo, mediante inhaerente iustitia in nos propagata, trahere: non enim, ut corruptio haereditaria vere peccatum est nobis condemnandis sufficiens, sic iustitia nobis inhaerens meretur vitam aeternam aut ad nos iustificandos sufficit. Hoc discrimen qui nos oppugnant, si agnoscunt, vident sua huiusmodi argumenta ruere; si non agnoscunt, discedunt a fidei confessione, quam 28. Synodi Nat. confirmaverunt. Utrumvis eligunt?

About this text

New English, free to read. Open any section below.

English follows the locked 1661 Saumur Latin of Capita I–XIV partial through Man. Post. No modern English was copied. Cap. IX deepen+ remain.

Catalogue & scope

IA deimputationepri00lapl. Densify: Capita I–XII + Caput XIV + Man. Post. Cap. II–VI through Cap. X Rom. 5:14 tip. Not whole Disputatio; Cap. X Rom. 5:14+ / ~494 pp Disputatio remain.

Witnesses

This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Latin on each section (or the Latin source witness link) for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.