Cap. XII: Thomas, Caesar–Marius, tribunals — no representative covenant proof
Does he deny or admit that we did not sin in Adam otherwise than we were? He only says we were in Adam two ways — representatively and naturally. Does he then affirm or deny that Adam's being is imputed to us? He should at least have explained that distinction — and whether we likewise sinned in Adam both ways, and died in him both ways. Does he prove the double mode? Not at all. A Reformed man speaking to a Reformed man, instead of Scripture or a reason, he cites Thomas: we were in Adam by bodily substance and by seminal reason. Is that 'being in Adam doubly' — representatively and naturally? And did we likewise sin in him? He dresses it with a likeness: if someone once truly said many Mariuses are in one Caesar, how much more truly may we say that in one sinning Adam there were many Adams — indeed all, except Christ the God-man (θεάνθρωπος). What could be less to the point? Does it follow that some act of Caesar is to be imputed to many Mariuses? Were many Mariuses in Caesar representatively and naturally, or by bodily substance and seminal reason? Do you not pity me, prudent reader, stuck in business of this weight with such disputants? Further, he says, let those learned men go who now err only by too high an opinion of their own subtlety and knowledge. Whether we err, let the reader judge. Whether that opinion is in us, he knows who searches hearts; as far as we can we cast it off and hang on him alone. But let him continue: let them consult the judges' tribunals and the lawyers' benches. Do not public actors, ambassadors, notaries, and such who stand for others also report the absent, set them as present, represent them — if I may use that ambiguous word? And how much more in this covenant would the chiefs, father, stock, head, and author of the whole race have represented all posterity in a public common pact? Fine consequence! So Adam was our ambassador — or our notary! He was at least our father, stock, and head — namely after he begot us; before he began to beget he was certainly no father. Better to go to the divine oracles that cry: the father shall not bear the son's iniquity, nor the son the father's.
Latin
Negat-ne an fatetur, nos non aliter in Adamo peccasse quam fuisse? Tantum ait nos fuisse in Adamo dupliciter, repraesentative & naturaliter. Aitne ergo, an negat esse Adami nobis imputari? Saltem explicasset quid sibi voluit illa distinctione; & an similiter peccaverimus in Adamo repraesentative & naturaliter, ac itidem in eo dupliciter mortui simus? Probatne igitur duplicem illum modum? Nequaquam. Tantum Reformatus apud Reformatum agens pro testimonio Scripturae, pro ratione, Thomam Aquinatem laudat dicentem, Nos fuisse in Adamo secundum corpulentam substantiam & secundum seminalem rationem. Hoccine est esse in Adamo dupliciter, repraesentative scilicet & naturaliter? Et, an similiter peccavimus in Adamo? Illustrat tamen hoc similitudine, Et si quondam vere dixit ille, in uno Caesare plures inesse Marios, quam verius nobis dicere licet, in uno Adamo peccante plures, imo omnes (excepto Christo θεανθρώπῳ) fuisse Adamos. Quid potuit afferri minus appositum? Num inde potuit colligi, aliquam Caesaris actionem pluribus Mariis imputandam fuisse? Num fuerunt plures Marii repraesentative & naturaliter, vel secundum corpulentam substantiam & seminalem rationem, in Caesare? Non miseret te mei, Lector prudentissime, cui cum talibus disputatoribus tanti momenti negotium est? Porro, inquit, adeant illi Docti viri, qui nonnisi nimia subtilitatis & scientiae opinione nunc errant. Erremusne, necne, tuum esto, quisquis haec legis, iudicium. Nobisne insit nimia subtilitatis & scientiae opinio, is novit qui corda scrutatur: Nos certe, quantum possumus, abiecta eiusmodi opinione, ab eo uno pendemus. Sed pergat, Adeant, inquam, consulant tribunalia iudicum, subsellia Iurisconsultorum. Annon actores publici, legati, tabelliones, & eiusmodi homines, qui pro aliis stant, eos etiam absentes referant, ceu praesentes sistant, repraesentent, ut hoc, etsi ambiguo, nuncupar verbo? Et quanto magis in hoc foedere: optimates, pater, stirps, caput, auctor totius generis humani, posteros omnes in publico & communi pacto repraesentaverit? Egregia consequentia! scilicet Adamus erat legatus noster, aut tabellio noster! Erat saltem pater, stirps, caput nostrum, nimirum postquam nos genuit: antequam enim inciperet gignere profecto pater non fuit. Docet ergo nos potius adire oracula divina clamantia, neque patrem filii, neque filium patris iniquitatem laturum.
About this text
New English, free to read. Open any section below.
English follows the locked 1661 Saumur Latin of Capita I–XIV partial through Man. Post. Caput IX (eph-ho / eph-ho pantes) before eph-ho / eph-ho pantes, reconstructed from IA PDF page images with Vision OCR and pdftotext as check. No modern English was copied. Cap. IX deepen+ remain.
Catalogue & scope
IA deimputationepri00lapl. Densify: Capita I–XII + Caput XIV + Man. Post. Cap. II–VI through Cap. X Rom. 5:14 tip. Not whole Disputatio; Cap. X Rom. 5:14+ / ~494 pp Disputatio remain.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput Primum tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Checked print IA Text PDF tip-page extract of Caput Primum (Latin)
- Checked print IA DjVu OCR of the 1661 volume (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput II probable arguments I–VII (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput III necessary arguments (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput IV tip through Garissoles distinction (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput IV remainder through Drelincourt (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput V Distributio + Caput VI tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VI remainder Maresius args I–VIII (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII tip Garissoles through Rivetus (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII rest after Rivetus tip through Garissoles consequent confession (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII §.6 causes-argument through Sed pergamus (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII Denique / σκοπῷ–verbis tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII Accedamus ἐφ᾽ ᾧ / aorist / lexicography tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII Ad alias rationes Prima–Tertia tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII Praeter aberrationem through Christ–Adam close (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII Quarta ratio through Sed pergamus (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VII Quinta & ultima ratio through p.70 return (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VIII opening through Rom. 5:15 gift reductio (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VIII Calvin p.20 through hereditary-corruption close (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VIII Ex vs.16 through Chamier disertius close (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VIII IV Ex vs.17 through V Ex vs.18 Pelagius dilemma close (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput VIII VI Ex vs.19 through Chamier/Martyr close before Caput IX (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput IX opening through roses reductio before Responsio secunda (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput IX Responsio 2 through Melchizedek close (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput X opening through Garissoles first ratio before alteram (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput X Theologorum auxilium through Bellarmine retorsion before Christi justitia (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput X Superest ultima through Placeus reply before Caput XI (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput XI Pelagian/Socinian/Remonstrant alienation before Caput XII (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput XII Daubuz antecedent/immediate open before v.19 (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput XII Tranfit vers. XIX Rom 5:19 / Chamier / Blancus before Cap. XIV (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Caput XIV Nullam extare / Manuscriptum posterius Cap. I before Cap. II (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. II §XIV Garissoles primi peccati naming / Placeus bile reply before duplex question (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. II Status Questionis before §III (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. II §III Garissoles fourfold / actualis (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. II duplex Immediata/Mediata before §XIX (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. II §XIX Tum in nomine before Deinde habitus (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. II GAR Deinde habitus before Posterior quaestio (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. II Posterior quaestio de poena before Cap. III (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. III Observata quaedam before Cap. IV (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV Rursus observata through Prima ratio (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV GAR Cameron–Amyraut vita promissa (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV GAR Cameron–Amyraut vita promissa (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV Tertia GAR three rationes (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV Noli/Quarta/Quinta (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV GAR 2 Quinta / Sexta tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV GAR Ultimo / PLAC / GAR 2-4 tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IV GAR Denique / Vir Doctus threefold tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Caput V quid sit imputari tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Caput VI Examen Cap. IV tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI GAR 4 tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI Isaiah 55 / Subjungis tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI Chamier tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI Placeus replies tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI foedus-condition tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI GAR erotema 4 tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI GAR erotema 5 tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI GAR erotema 6 tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI infants/Confessio/Pighius tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI generative-faculty quarrel tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI last-end / pleasure-vs-generation tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI original-stain syllogism tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI poena/permission/natural-propagation tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI judgment-locution tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VI Calvin Tertio tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII first courtier similitude tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII separability/judicial tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII penalties/meritorie tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII sons/Deut 24 tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII magist/power-vs-justice tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII second similitude Thomas/body tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII GAR Augustine/representation tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII 3rd similitude King/war tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII God-as-judge/Abraham tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII GAR Ezek 21 / just-with-unjust (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VII Quarto/Quinto close (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VIII OT tree interdict open (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VIII Hypognosticon / interdict silence (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VIII sentence / common-penalty (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VIII personal words / quia paruisti (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VIII Gospel promise / seed of woman (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VIII death-reply / Ps 32 (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. VIII Abraham / OT close (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX Rom 5:12 open (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX four proofs (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX name-distinctions (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX GAR/Beza (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX GAR Cap. VII § IX (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX GAR Cap. VIII Resp. 1 (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX PLAC vs GAR 3 (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX imputatum-est reductio (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX three senses of imputation (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. X Rom.5.13 open tip (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
- Copy-text Locked Latin, Man. Post. Cap. IX omit/death dilemma (Saumur 1661) (Latin)
This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Latin on each section (or the Latin source witness link) for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.