The foundation of teaching and the tabernacle symbols
The author is explaining Hebrews 6:1, laying out the sequence of foundational Christian teaching, then turning to the symbolism of the tabernacle furnishings from Hebrews 9:2.
He wants to say this: for those now first approaching the faith, we lay down beforehand, as it were, a foundation of teaching about these matters. We rightly urge them first to repent from death-dealing works, then, once they have repented, to believe in God; once they believe, to be baptized; once baptized, to submit themselves to the laying on of hands for participation in the Spirit; once they share in this, no longer to doubt the resurrection from the dead; and once they are raised and live again, to know that there will be judgment, and to await the unending and just recompense for how we have lived here.
According to one line of thought, then, I think the lampstand, as has been said, hints at the light from these visible stars, the table hints at the earth, and the bread of the Presence hints at the earth's yielding up of the things suitable for us.
Greek
βούλεται δὲ εἰπεῖν, ὅτι τοῖς νῦν πρῶτον προσϊοῦσι τῇ πίστει τὴν περὶ τούτων διδασκαλίαν οἱονεὶ θεμέλιον προκαταβαλλόμεθα, μετανοεῖν μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν νεκροποιῶν ἔργων εἰκότως πρῶτον αὐτοὺς προτρεπόμενοι, μετανοοῦντας δὲ πιστεύειν ἐπὶ θεόν, πιστεύοντας δὲ
βαπτίζεσθαι, βαπτιζομένους δὲ τῇ τῶν ἱερατικῶν χειρῶν ὑποταγῆναι αὐτοὺς ἐπιθέσει πρὸς μετουσίαν τοῦ πνεύματος, τούτου δὲ μετασχόντας περὶ τῆς ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστάσεως μηκέτι διαπιστεῖν, ἀναστησομένους δὲ καὶ αὖθις ἀναβιωσομένους ἔσεσθαι κρίσιν εἰδέναι, καὶ 422 διηνεκῆ καὶ δικαίαν καὶ ὧν ἐνταῦθα βεβιώκαμεν τὴν ἀντίδοσιν περιμένειν. {Hebr. 9,2} Καθ' ἕνα μὲν οὖν λόγον οἶμαι τὴν μὲν λυχνίαν, ὡς εἴρηται, τὸ ἐκ τῶν αἰσθητῶν τούτων ἀστέρων αἰνίττεσθαι φῶς, τὴν τράπεζαν δὲ τὴν γῆν, τὴν δὲ πρόθεσιν τῶν ἄρτων τὴν ἐκ τῆς γῆς τῶν ἡμῖν ἐπιτηδείων ἀνάδοσιν.