Commentary on Zechariah · §15

The People of God and the Inheritance of Judah

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The Lord has come and has tabernacled in her midst, the temple having been raised again and God dwelling in it. 'Rejoice and be glad,' says the prophet, 'daughter of Zion.' In many places of the Scripture, the daughter of each city is called, meaning the citizens who fulfill her.

The delight and the gladness which the divine word commands to have is the same as the joy which happens to be the fruit of the Holy Spirit, arranged together with divine love and blessed peace, which the holy Apostle makes manifest writing thus: 'The fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace' (Galatians 5:22). Having experienced this stability, those delivered from captivity say: 'When the Lord turned the captivity, we became as those who are returned; then our mouth was filled with joy, and our tongue with shouting' (Psalm 126:1). And in another Psalm it is brought in harmony: 'When the Lord turns the captivity of his people, Jacob shall rejoice and Israel shall be glad' (Psalm 126:3).

For those who mourned, being torn away from their own fatherland by the law of captivity, follow a return to it, to delight and be glad because the Lord has tabernacled in its midst, the cause of the delighting and the gladness. And what is the cause of the gladness and delight—is it the enjoying of the currents of the river filled with waters, about which it is written: 'The river of God was filled with waters,' and also: 'The currents of the river make glad the city of God; God is in its midst, it shall not be moved' (Psalm 46:4-5), no longer departing or abandoning, but because of goodness remaining with it?

And what good and salutary will attach to the indwelling of the Lord in the midst of the beautiful city, or the 'fleeing of many nations' repenting 'unto the Lord in the day' when the sun of righteousness is grasped, of which the patriarch Abraham, having received light, seeing it, rejoiced, and with him the sons and children of him who are according to faith and his works having become, as saying thanks: 'This is the day which the Lord has made; let us rejoice and be glad in it' (Psalm 118:24). And the 'many nations having fled unto the Lord' shall receive the people to enrich the one to whom they have fled, no longer atheistic and without hope.

remaining; concerning these things God says in the prophet: 'I will call him who is not my people my people, and he himself will say: Lord my God you are' (Hosea 2:23), so that they may be addressed as 'a holy nation, a holy priesthood, a race of God' (Exodus 19:6).

For he says to those fleeing to God in the same manner as mentioned by him to whom they have fled: 'You shall be to me an elect race, a holy nation, a royal priesthood, my people, through whom I shall display my virtues' (Exodus 19:6).

What then follows for those who have become the people of God, or the dwelling in the midst of the heavenly and blessed Zion? For then then it will be known, by divine and accurate vision, 'that the Lord Almighty sent' (Isaiah 60:22) the one redeeming her, saying concerning his own Father: 'The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he anointed me to preach to the poor, to proclaim release to the captives' (Luke 4:18).

For because of preaching to the poor, Jesus, who dwells in the midst of Zion, was anointed with the Holy Spirit and the power of God, proclaiming release to the captives held by unseen enemies, her children. For thus the All-King, the benefactor of her, will inherit Judah, those who confess. For the confession of Judah is interpreted. And so he will first inherit those called unto salvation; for from of old they were part of him and before that they suffered dispersion and captivity.

But where will he inherit Judah being part of him, except upon the holy land in which he will be long-enduringly well-suffering, he who honors his Father God and his Mother the Church being Jerusalem, whom he still loves, taking again and reigning in her midst, knowing that he has come to dwell in her midst, sent from the Lord Almighty, when bowing heaven he descended to us humans, saying: 'I have descended from heaven to do the will of him who sent me' (John 6:38), 'to seek and to save the lost' (Luke 19:10).

For thus they will no longer remain in perdition, for whom he has come, so that he might become the cause of eternal salvation for them. And the Jerusalem being fulfilled by us as the Church of the living God shall also have such a faith and works making beatitude, so that he who washed and brightened her with his own blood may still love her.

Greek

Κύριον ἐληλυθέναι καὶ ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς κατεσκηνωκέναι, τοῦ ναοῦ πάλιν ἐγερθέντος καὶ Θεοῦ κατασκηνοῦντος ἐν αὐτῷ. «Χαῖρε γὰρ καὶ εὐφραίνου», φησὶν ὁ προφήτης, «θύγατερ Σιών». Καλεῖ δὲ ἐν πολλοῖς τόποις τῆς γραφῆς θυγατέρα ἑκάστης πόλεως τ̣οὺς συμπληροῦντας αὐτὴν πολίτας. 1.157 Ἡ τέρψις δὲ καὶ ἡ εὐφροσύνη ἣν προστάσσει ἔχειν ὁ θεῖος λόγος, ἡ αὐτή ἐστιν τῇ χαρᾷ τῇ τυγχανούσῃ καρπὸς τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος, σὺν ἀγάπῃ θείᾳ καὶ εἰρήνῃ μακαρίᾳ συντεταγμένη, ἣν φανεροῖ ὁ ἱερὸς Ἀπόστολος οὕτω γράφων· «Καρπὸς τοῦ Πνεύματός ἐστιν ἀγάπη, χαρά, εἰρήνη.» 1.158 Ταύτην τὴν εὐστάθειαν σχόντες οἱ λυτρωθέντες ἀπὸ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας φασίν· «Ἐν τῷ ἐπιστρέψαι Κύριον τὴν α̣ι᾿̣χμαλωσίαν Σιὼν ἐγενήθημεν ὡς παρακεκλημένοι· τότε ἐπλήσθη χαρᾶς τὸ στόμα ἡμῶν, καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα ἡμῶν ἀγαλλιάσεως.» Καὶ ἐν ἑτέρῳ Ψαλμῷ συνῳδὰ φέρεται· «Ἐν τῷ ἐπιστρέψαι Κύριον τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ ἀγαλλιάσεται Ἰακὼβ καὶ εὐφρανθήσεται Ἰσραήλ.» 1.159 Τοὺς γὰρ θρηνήσαντας ἀποσπωμένους τῆς οἰκείας πατρίδος νόμῳ αἰχμαλωσίας ἀκόλουθον ὑπάρχει, ἀνακάμψαντας εἰς αὐτήν, τέρπεσθαι καὶ εὐφραίνεσθαι διὰ τὸ τὸν Κύριον κατεσκηνωκέναι ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, τὸν αἴτιον τοῦ τέρπεσθαι καὶ εὐφραίνεσθαι. 1.160 Τί δὲ τῆς εὐφροσύνης καὶ τέρψεως αἴτιον τυγχάνει, ἢ τὸ ἀπολαύειν τῶν ὁρμημάτων τοῦ ποταμοῦ τοῦ πεπληρωμένου ὑδάτων περὶ οὗ γέγραπται· «Ὁ ποταμὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπληρώθη ὑδάτων», καὶ ἔτι· «Τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὰ ὁρμήματα εὐφραίνει τὴν πόλιν τοῦ Θεοῦ· ὁ Θεὸς ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, οὐ σαλευθήσεται», οὐκέτι μακρυνόμενος οὐδ' ἐγκαταλείπων διὰ τὸ ἀγαθότητι τῇ ἑαυτοῦ παραμένειν αὐτῇ. 1.161 Τί δὲ ἀγαθὸν καὶ σωτηριῶδες ἕψεται κατασκηνοῦντος τοῦ Κυρίου ἐν μέσῳ τῆς καλλιπόλεως, ἢ τὸ «καταφυγεῖν ἔθνη 16 πολλὰ» μετανοοῦντα «ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ» τῇ ὑπὸ ἡλίου τῆς δικαιοσύνης καταλαμπομένῃ, ἧς ὁ πατριάρχης Ἀβραὰμ ἔρωτα λαβών, ἰδὼν αὐτὴν ἐχάρη καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ οἱ κατὰ πίστιν καὶ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ υἱοὶ καὶ τέκνα αὐτοῦ γεγενημένοι, ὡς εὐχαριστοῦντας φάναι· «Αὕτη ἡ ἡμέρα ἣν ἐποίησεν ὁ Κύριος, ἀγαλλιασώμεθα καὶ εὐφρανθῶμεν ἐν αὐτῇ.» 1.162 ∆ιαδέξεται δὲ τὸ «καταφυγόντα ἔθνη πολλὰ ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον» τὸ λαὸν χρηματίσαι τοῦ πρὸς ὃν καταπεφεύγασιν, οὐκέτι ἄθεα καὶ ἐλπίδα μὴ ἔχοντα μένοντα· περὶ τούτων ἐν τῷ προφήτῃ ὁ Θεός φησιν· «Καλέσω τὸν οὐ λαόν μου λαόν μου, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐρεῖ· Κύριος ὁ Θεός μου εἶ σύ», ὥστ' αὐτοὺς «ἔθνος ἅγιον, ἱεράτευμα ἅγιον, γένος Θεοῦ» προσαγορεύεσθαι. 1.163 Φησὶν γὰρ πρὸς τοὺς καταφυγόντας πρὸς Θεὸν τῷ εἰρημένῳ τρόπῳ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ τοῦ πρὸς ὃν καταπεφεύγασιν· «Ὑμεῖς δὲ ἔσεσθέ μοι γένος ἐκλεκτόν, ἔθνος ἅγιον, βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα, λαός μου ὃν περιεποιησάμην τὰς ἀρετάς μου διηγεῖσθαι». 1.164 Τί δὲ ἀκολουθεῖ τοῖς γενομένοις λαὸς Θεοῦ, ἢ τὸ κατασκηνῶσαι ἐν μέσῳ τῆς ἐπουρανίου καὶ μακαρίας Σιών; Τότε γὰρ τότε γνώσεται, θείᾳ καὶ ἠκριβωμένῃ θεωρίᾳ, «ὅτι Κύριος παντοκράτωρ ἀπέστειλεν» τὸν λυτρωσάμενον αὐτήν, λέγοντα περὶ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἑαυτοῦ· «Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐπ' ἐμέ, οὗ εἵνεκεν ἔχρισέν με, εὐαγγελίσασθαι πτωχοῖς, κηρύξαι αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν.» 1.165 Ἕνεκα γὰρ τοῦ εὐαγγελίσασθαι τοὺς πτωχοὺς τῷ πνεύματι ἐχρίσθη Πνεύματι ἁγίῳ καὶ δυνάμει Θεοῦ Ἰησοῦς ὁ κατασκηνῶν ἐν μέσῳ τῆς Σιών, κηρύσσων ἄφεσιν τοῖς αἰχμαλωτισθεῖσιν ὑπὸ ἐχθρῶν ἀοράτων τέκνοις αὐτῆς. Οὕτω γὰρ κατακληρονομήσει ὁ παμβασιλεὺς εὐεργέτης αὐτῆς τὸν Ἰούδα, τοὺς ἐξομολογουμένους. Ἰούδας γὰρ ἐξομολόγησις ἑρμηνεύεται. Κληρονομήσει δὲ οὖν πρότερον τοὺς ἐπὶ τὴν σωτηρίαν καλουμένους· ἐκ πάλαι γὰρ ἦσαν μερὶς αὐτοῦ καὶ προτοῦ τὸν σκορπισμὸν καὶ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν πάθωσιν. 1.166 Ποῦ δὲ καὶ κατακληρονομήσει τὸν Ἰούδαν ὄντα μερίδα αὐτοῦ, ἢ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν τὴν ἁγίαν ἐν ᾗ μακροχρόνιος ἔσται εὐπαθὼν ὁ τιμήσας τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ Θεὸν καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν οὖσαν Ἰερουσαλήμ, ἣν ἔτι αἱρετιεῖ πάλιν προσλαμβανόμενος καὶ βασιλεύων ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, γινωσκούσης ὅτι ἐλήλυθεν κατασκηνῶσαι ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, παρὰ Κυρίου παντοκράτορος ἀποσταλείς, ὅτε κλίνας οὐρανὸν κατέβη πρὸς ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους φάσκων· «Καταβέβηκα ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἵνα ποιῶ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ πέμψαντός με», «ζητῆσαι καὶ σῶσαι τὸ ἀπολωλός». 1.167 Οὕτω γὰρ οὐκέτι ἐν ἀπωλείᾳ μενοῦσιν οἱ ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐλήλυθεν ἵν' αἴτιος αὐτοῖς σωτηρίας αἰωνίου γένηται. Ὑπάρξεται δὲ καὶ τῇ συμπληρουμένῃ ὑφ' ἡμῶν Ἰερουσαλὴμ οὔσῃ Ἐκκλησίᾳ Θεοῦ ζῶντος τοιαύτην πίστιν ἔχειν καὶ μακαριότητος ποιητικὰ ἔργα, ἵν' αἱρετίσῃ αὐτὴν ἔτι ὁ τῷ ἰδίῳ αἵματι ἀποπλύνας καὶ λαμπρύνας

About this text

Didymus the Blind on Zechariah.

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