Who Is the Rich Man That Shall Be Saved? · §23 · Clement of Alexandria

The courtroom of two fathers

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Clement is addressing the believer directly, staging a courtroom scene in which the earthly father and Christ each make their case for the believer's allegiance.

Think of the matter as a legal contest. Let your father seem to stand beside you and say: "I sowed you and nourished you; follow me and join in wrongdoing, and do not obey the law of Christ," and whatever else a blasphemous man, dead by nature, might say. On the other side, hear the Savior: "I begot you again, after the world had begotten you badly unto death; I freed you, healed you, ransomed you. I will give you life unceasing, eternal, above the world. I will show you the face of God the good Father. 'Call no one your father on earth' (Matthew 23:9). 'Let the dead bury their own dead, but you follow me' (Matthew 8:22). For I will lead you up into rest and the enjoyment of good things that cannot be spoken or told, 'things no eye has seen and no ear has heard and no human heart has conceived' (1 Corinthians 2:9), things angels long to look into and see, the good things God has prepared for the holy and for the children who love him (1 Peter 1:12; 1 Corinthians 2:9). I am your nourisher, giving myself as bread, of which no one who tastes any longer experiences death, and daily giving a drink of immortality. I am a teacher of lessons above the heavens. For you I contended against death and paid your death, which you owed for your former sins and your unbelief toward God." When you have heard these words from both sides, judge for yourself and carry up the vote for your own salvation. And if a brother says similar things, or a child, or a wife, or anyone at all, let Christ the victor be in you above all. For he contends on your behalf.

Greek

Νόμισον εἶναι τὸ πρᾶγμα διαδικασίαν, ὁ μὲν πατήρ σοι δοκείτω παρεστὼς λέγειν ›ἐγώ σε ἔσπειρα καὶ ἔθρεψα, ἀκολούθει μοι καὶ συναδίκει καὶ μὴ πείθου τῷ Χριστοῦ νόμῳ‹ καὶ ὁπόσα ἂν εἴποι βλάσφημος ἄνθρωπος καὶ νεκρὸς τῇ φύσει. ἑτέρωθεν δὲ ἄκουε τοῦ σωτῆρος· ›ἐγώ σε ἀνεγέννησα, κακῶς ὑπὸ κόσμου πρὸς θάνατον γεγεννημένον, ἠλευθέρωσα, ἰασάμην, ἐλυτρωσάμην· ἐγώ σοι παρέξω ζωὴν ἄπαυστον, αἰώνιον, ὑπερκόσμιον· ἐγώ σοι δείξω θεοῦ πατρὸς ἀγαθοῦ πρόσωπον· »μὴ κάλει σεαυτῷ πατέρα ἐπὶ γῆς·« »οἱ νεκροὶ τοὺς νεκροὺς θαπτέτωσαν, σὺ δέ μοι ἀκολούθει·« ἀνάξω γάρ σε εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν καὶ ἀπόλαυσιν ἀρρήτων καὶ ἀλέκτων ἀγαθῶν, »ἃ μήτε ὀφθαλμὸς εἶδε μήτε οὖς ἤκουσε μήτε ἐπὶ καρδίαν ἀνθρώπων ἀνέβη. εἰς ἃ ἐπιθυμοῦσιν ἄγγελοι παρακύψαι καὶ ἰδεῖν ἅπερ ἡτοίμασεν ὁ θεὸς τοῖς ἁγίοις ἀγαθὰ καὶ τοῖς φιλοῦσιν αὐτὸν τέκνοις.« ἐγώ σου τροφεὺς ἄρτον ἐμαυτὸν διδούς, οὗ γευσάμενος οὐδεὶς ἔτι πεῖραν θανάτου λαμβάνει, καὶ πόμα καθ᾿ ἡμέραν ἐνδιδοὺς ἀθανασίας· ἐγὼ διδάσκαλος ὑπερουρανίων παιδευμάτων· ὑπὲρ σοῦ πρὸς τὸν θάνατον διηγωνισάμην καὶ τὸν σὸν ἐξέτισα θάνατον, ὃν ὤφειλες ἐπὶ τοῖς προημαρτημένοις καὶ τῇ πρὸς θεὸν ἀπιστίᾳ.‹ τούτων τῶν λόγων ἑκατέρωθεν διακούσας ὑπὲρ σεαυτοῦ δίκασον καὶ τὴν ψῆφον ἀνένεγκε τῇ σαυτοῦ σωτηρίᾳ· κἂν ἀδελφὸς ὅμοια λέγῃ κἂν τέκνον κἂν γυνὴ κἂν ὁστισοῦν. πρὸ πάντων ἐν σοὶ Χριστὸς ὁ νικῶν ἔστω· ὑπὲρ σοῦ γὰρ ἀγωνίζεται.

About this text

Clement explains Jesus' saying about the camel and the needle's eye, and shows how a rich person may be saved.

This homily was written by Clement of Alexandria (c. 150–c. 215), a Greek Christian teacher who led the Catechetical School of Alexandria. He addressed it to fellow Christians who were troubled by Jesus' saying about the camel and the needle's eye, and who either despaired of rich believers being saved or flattered the wealthy. Clement wrote to remove that false despair and to show how a rich person may be saved.

The occasion is a controversy over the moral danger of wealth and the question of who can be saved. Clement argues that Jesus' command to sell one's possessions is not a command to become outwardly poor, but to renounce the passions and attachments of the soul that wealth can excite. The rich man in the Gospel is not condemned for having wealth, but for loving it more than eternal life. Salvation depends on the soul's disposition, not on external possessions, and wealth can be used rightly for love of neighbor.

A reader will meet Jesus, whose words from the Gospels are quoted and interpreted throughout, along with Peter, Martha, Mary, Zacchaeus, Levi, Matthew, and Paul. Clement also cites the pagan philosophers Anaxagoras, Democritus, and Crates as examples of people who gave up wealth for the wrong reasons. The work closes with the story of the apostle John and a young robber, offered as proof that no sinner is beyond hope. To follow the argument, know that Clement uses 'passions' for the disordered attachments of the soul, 'freedom from passions' for the state required for salvation, and 'worldly wealth' for what the Gospels call mammon of unrighteousness. Bible books follow the Septuagint names and Psalm numbering, so Gospel passages correspond to Mark 10:17-31, Matthew 19:16-30, and Luke 18:18-30 in modern Bibles.

New English from the Greek base text; no published English used as wording.

Printed text used

Translated from Clement of Alexandria Otto Stählin Stromata, Buch VII-VIII. Excerpta ex Theodoto. Eclogae prophetica. Hinrichs Leipzig 1909 Clemens Alexandrinus 3 (Greek)

This work has passed this project's source check. This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.