Homilies · §14 · Asterius of Amasea

The Consequences of Greed

You have applied the mind so that it does not surrender the truth out of cowardice, but by winning the difficult criterion through bold speech in the healing of Agrippa, it softens it toward goodness, like beasts watching the handling of the Word.

ariah has prophesied and even now opens the door to us of the great mysteries of the Only-Begotten through the stone, having the sevenfold vision, by means of the golden lampstand, upon which are the seven lamps and the two olive branches (cf. Zech 4). Many of the following Scriptures possess a rich treasure of benefit, to all of which I wished to come and show you the straightness of the spiritual festival.

3.2.3 The promise of the former work hastens me toward the construction of this debt. For having begun to be overwhelmed by many accusations of greed, lest we failed to strip vanity of it, we have set the refutation of the accusation toward the present day. Listen therefore and become discerning judges of the truth, since you judge not by other things, but by your own salvation, and you carry all the condemning votes upon the responsible party, each having driven his own soul away like a house or a city.

d, therefore, is not only to covet silver along with other possessions and to desire to join to what is present that which does not belong, but, to speak more generally, to desire to have more in every matter than what is owed and what is required.

indeed this overflow first suffered the devil, being an archangel and having been appointed over the most excellent life and order, yet conceiving tyranny and rebellion against the Divinity, the fool; then, having been cast down, having fallen into this surrounding air, he became an evil neighbor to our life.

3.3.3 For he did not grasp that which he pursued, the Divinity; and he lost that which he possessed, the archangelhood; an unfaithful slave who, through small acts of audacity, turned into a robber; a dog deprived of the myth and the meat among the Greeks, and having snatched not even the shadow, for how could he grasp an ungraspable thing?

3.3.4 After this, the first man, being enticed by pleasure, lost immortality through forbidden food, just as Esau later lost the firstborn things because of lentil stew (Gen 25:34). And these dialects and the many of the...

A love for more has introduced the voices of men into life. For those having overstepped with human arrogance, expecting to make heaven a path for themselves and making a ridiculous tower upon that vain ascent, they made the same-minded men into foreign-tongued men; and seeking the more which they had, they themselves were continued in this and left the human race to suffer in the hearing of senseless voices and the seeking of interpretations.

What then of Pharaoh? From where did he fall into diverse and varied scourges? Was it not because of greed and the desire to be lord over a foreign people and to not allow anything belonging to that kingdom from anywhere? And because of this, not having released the strangers, he destroyed his own: some in the plague of the firstborn, others in the pursuit by the sea. For I allow rivers to flow into blood, and an immeasurable generation of frogs, and filth of lice, and an outbreak of flies, and the death of the four-footed, and all the evils, by which Egypt was judged because of the greed of the ruler.

But elsewhere again we learned the end of sin: an incurable leprosy poured out upon the greedy one. Remind me also, if anyone is a lover of stories and a friend to the righteous Elisha, how the Syrian Naaman was cleansed of leprosy after washing in the Jordan, but how the disease passed to the child Gehazi, a greedy and unphilosophical youth, having sold the spiritual gift and the free healing of the teacher.

How then did Absalom become a rebel, the son of the gentle father, a flaming and impudent youth? Was it not by seeking the inheritance of the kingdom before the time, leaping upon others as a robber? And Judas, why did he cast out the remnant of the disciples, and instead of an apostle, he made himself a traitor? Was it not first acting as a thief in the treasury, and then the acquisition of dishonorable glory? Why do the Acts lament Ananias and Sapphira among the apostles? Was it not because they became thieves of their own and sacrilegious of the household's devoted things?

Perhaps even today the day will leave off counting the servants of greed. Leaving the old history, let us examine the experience following in life; for greed knows a beast, and whatever it takes, it is always at its peak and not...

Greek

τὸν νοῦν ἐπέστησας, ὅπως καὶ τὴν ἀλή θειαν οὐ προδίδωσιν ἐκ δειλίας καὶ τὴν πρὸς τὸν Ἀγρίππαν θεραπείαν τῇ παρρησίᾳ κεράσας τὸ τραχὺ κριτήριον ἐκμαλάσσει πρὸς ἀγαθότητα, ὥσπερ θηρία τινὰ κατεπᾴδων ταῖς τοῦ λόγου μεταχειρήσεσιν. 3.2.2 Προε φήτευσεν καὶ σήμερον Ζαχαρίας τῶν μεγάλων ἡμῖν μυστηρίων τοῦ Μονογενοῦς ὑπανοίγων τὴν θύραν διὰ τοῦ λίθου τὰς ἑπτὰ βολὰς τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν κεκτημένου, διὰ τῆς χρυσῆς λυχνίας, ἐφ' ἧς οἱ ἑπτὰ λύχνοι καὶ τὰ δύο στελέχη τῶν ἐλαιῶν. Πολλαὶ αἱ ἑξῆς Γραφαὶ πλούσιον τὸν θησαυρὸν τῆς ὠφελείας ἔχουσαι, αἷς ἐβουλόμην πάσαις ἐπελθεῖν καὶ δεῖξαι ὑμῖν τὴν τῆς πνευματικῆς πανηγύρεως εὐθηνίαν. 3.2.3 Ἐπείγει δέ με πρὸς τὴν ἔκτισιν τοῦ χρέους ἡ τῆς προτεραίας ὑπόσχεσις. Ἀρξάμενοι γὰρ πολλαῖς κατηγορίαις τῆς πλεονεξίας καθάπτεσθαι, ἐπειδὴ μὴ ἔφθημεν αὐτῆς γυμνῶσαι τὴν ματαιότητα, εἰς τὴν παροῦσαν ἡμέραν τὸν ἔλεγχον τῆς κατηγορίας ὑπερεθέμεθα. Ἀκούσατε οὖν καὶ γένεσθε εὐγνώμονες τῆς ἀληθείας κριταί ἐπειδὴ μήτε ἄλλοις τισίν, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἑαυτῶν σωτηρίᾳ δικάζετε, καὶ πάσας τὰς κατακρινούσας ψήφους ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπεύθυνον φέρετε, ἕκαστος τῆς ἰδίας ψυχῆς ὥσπερ οἰκίας ἢ πόλεως αὐτὴν ἀπελάσαντες. 3.3.1 Πλεονεξία τοίνυν ἐστὶν οὐ μόνον τῷ ἀργυρίῳ σὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις κτήμασιν ἐπιμαίνεσθαι καὶ βούλεσθαι τοῖς παροῦσι τὰ μὴ προσόντα συνάπτειν, ἀλλά, γενικώτερον εἰπεῖν, τὸ ἐπὶ παντὸς πράγματος πλέον ἔχειν βούλεσθαι τοῦ ὀφειλομένου καὶ ἐπιβάλλοντος. 3.3.2 Καὶ δὴ τοῦτο τὸ πλημμέλημα πρῶτος ἔπαθεν ὁ διάβολος, ἀρχάγγελος μὲν ὢν καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς καλλίστης ζωῆς καὶ τάξεως τεταγμένος, τυραννίδα δὲ καὶ ἐπανάστασιν κατὰ τῆς θεότητος ἐννοήσας, ὁ ματαιόφρων· εἶτα καταβλη θεὶς καὶ εἰς τὸν περίγειον τοῦτον ἀέρα καταπεσὼν κακὸς γείτων τῆς ἡμετέρας ζωῆς. 3.3.3 Οὔτε γοῦν κατέλαβεν ὃ ἐδίωκεν, τὴν θεότητα· καὶ ἀπώλεσεν ὃ ἐκέκτητο, τὸ ἀρχάγγελον· δοῦλος ἄπιστος ταῖς κατὰ μικρὸν τόλμαις εἰς λῃστὴν ἐξελθών· κύων τοῦ παρ' Ἕλλησιν μύθου καὶ τοῦ κρέως στερηθεὶς καὶ τῆς σκιᾶς οὐ δραξάμενος πῶς γάρ; ἀκαταλήπτου πράγματος. 3.3.4 Μετὰ τοῦτον ὁ πρῶτος ἄνθρωπος εἰς ἡδυπάθειαν δελεασθεὶς ἀπηγορευμένῃ βρώσει τὴν ἀθανασίαν ἀπώλεσεν, ὡς Ἡσαῦ ὕστερον διὰ φακὸν τὰ πρωτοτόκια. Καὶ τὰς διαλέκτους δὲ ταύτας καὶ τὰς πολλὰς τῶν ἀνθρώπων φωνὰς ἔρως τοῦ πλείονος εἰς τὸν βίον εἰσήγαγεν. Οἱ γὰρ τῇ ἀνθρωπικῇ εὐθηνίᾳ ὑπερμαζήσαντες, βατὸν δὲ ἑαυτοῖς ἔσεσθαι τὸν οὐρανὸν προσδοκήσαντες καὶ πύργον γελοῖον ἐπὶ τὴν ἐκείνου ματαιοποιοῦντες ἀνάβασιν, οὗτοι τοὺς ὁμοφώνους ἀνθρώπους ἑτερογλώσσους ἐποίησαν· καὶ τὸ πλέον οὗ εἶχον ζητοῦντες αὐτοί τε συνεχέθησαν καὶ τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων κατέλιπον κάμνειν ἐν ἀκοαῖς ἀσήμων φωνῶν καὶ ἑρμηνειῶν ζητήσει. 3.3.5 Τί δὲ ὁ Φαραώ; Πόθεν ταῖς διαφοραῖς καὶ ποικίλαις περιέπεσε μάστιξιν; οὐ διὰ πλεονεξίαν καὶ τὸ βούλεσθαι κύριος εἶναι ξένου λαοῦ καὶ μηδαμόθεν τῇ ἐκείνου βασιλείᾳ προσήκοντος; Καὶ διὰ τοῦτο τοὺς ἀλλοτρίους οὐκ ἀφιεὶς τοὺς ἰδίους ἀπώλεσεν· τοὺς μὲν ἐν πληγῇ τῶν πρωτοτόκων, τοὺς δὲ ἐν τῇ διώξει τῇ κατὰ θάλασσαν. Ἀφίημι γὰρ ποταμοὺς εἰς αἷμα ῥυέντας καὶ βατράχων ἄπλετον γένεσιν καὶ βρούχου λύμην καὶ φλυκταινῶν ἐξάνθησιν καὶ τῶν τετραπόδων τὸν θάνατον καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν κάκωσιν, 12 ἣν Αἴγυπτος κατεδικάσθη διὰ τὴν πλεονεξίαν τοῦ ἄρχοντος. 3.3.6 Ἀλλαχοῦ πάλιν τέλος τῆς ἁμαρτίας κατέμαθον λέπραν ἀθρόον τῷ πλεονέκτῃ περιχεθεῖσαν. Καί μοι συνδιαμνημόνευσον, εἴ τις φιλοΐστωρ καὶ τῶν κατορθωμάτων Ἐλισσαίου φιλήκοος, ὅπως μὲν ὁ Σύρος Νεαιμὰν ἐκαθαρίσθη τῆς λέπρας ἐν τῷ Ἰορδάνῃ λουσάμενος, ὅπως δὲ μετῆλθεν τὸ πάθος εἰς Γιεζεῖ τὸ παιδάριον, νεάνισκον πλεονέκτην καὶ ἀφιλόσοφον, πνευματικὸν πωλήσαντα χάρισμα καὶ τὴν ἄμισθον ἰατρείαν τοῦ διδασκάλου. 3.3.7 Πόθεν ὁ Ἀβεσσαλὼμ πατραλοίας ἐγένετο, ὁ τοῦ πράου πατρὸς φλεγμαίνων καὶ θρασὺς νεάνισκος; οὐ πρὸ καιροῦ ζητήσας τὴν κληρονομίαν τῆς βασιλείας, ἐπιπηδήσας δὲ ἀλλοτρίοις ὡς ἅρπαξ; Τὸν Ἰούδα δὲ πάλιν, τί τοῦ καταλόγου τῶν μαθητῶν ἐξέβαλεν, ἐποίησεν δὲ προδότην ἀντ' ἀποστόλου; οὐ τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον πρῶτον ῥᾳδιουργούμενον, εἶτα ἡ κτῆσις τῆς ἀτίμου τιμῆς; Ἀνανίαν καὶ Σάπφειραν διὰ τί τραγῳδοῦσιν τῶν ἀποστόλων αἱ Πράξεις; οὐκ ἐπειδὴ τῶν ἰδίων ἐγένοντο κλέπται καὶ τῶν οἰκείων ἀναθημάτων ἱερόσυλοι; 3.3.8 Ἐπιλείψει με τάχα καὶ ἡ ἡμέρα τοὺς τῆς πλεονεξίας ὑπηρέτας ἀπαριθμούμενον. Ἀφέντες δὲ τὴν παλαιὰν ἱστορίαν τὴν πεῖραν ἐξετάσωμεν τὴν παρακο λουθοῦσαν τῷ βίῳ· οἷον οἶδεν θηρίον τὴν πλεονεξίαν καὶ ὧν ἂν λάβηται δυσαπάλλακτον, ἀκμάζον ἀεὶ καὶ οὐ