Exposition on Proverbs · §28

Unit 7 rem close

For just as the devil, having stolen the perfect man, offers him up in sacrifice, so too does the thief come only to steal, to sacrifice, and to destroy. For the thief says, "I do not come except to steal and to sacrifice and to destroy." — He spoke of the law as an oath: just as the oath places God in the soul, so the law brings God into the soul; and as perjury removes God from the soul, so lawlessness casts God out from it. Therefore, if, upon hearing the law established, we do not confess our sins before ourselves, being afraid and ashamed before men, we shall be brought to ruin. Thus David also says: "I said, I will confess my transgressions to the Lord concerning my iniquity, and You forgave the wickedness of my heart." And again: "Speak, you first, your sins, that you may be justified." And again Solomon says: "He who covers his wickedness shall not prosper, but he who confesses and forsakes it shall find mercy." Those who fulfill the commandments serve the angels, for they are our guides, who received us from the beginning, when the Most High divided the nations and set the boundaries of the peoples according to the number of the angels of God. And in ministering to our leaders, the angels, in the will of the Lord, in the judgment, there shall be right standing for us before the Lord on that day when He judges the inhabited earth in righteousness, if indeed the Father has given all judgment to the Son. Courage is the best habit of the rational soul, by which it has conquered and holds fast against its enemies. Having overcome the opposing power, we strip it, learning its words about it.

So that the evils associated with it may be made plain, those who are driven out by it— not only the simple-minded, but also those who have been made light-headed by indulgence— may easily flee from it. The soul trains itself upon wool and flax, exercising the discourses concerning both animate and inanimate things; or examining the discourses about practical and natural matters; or drawing the contemplation concerning bodies and incorporeal beings toward itself through practical habit. Or again, it finds the soul risen from night, watching, discovered by the Sun of righteousness, the Bridegroom; certainly, too, when it prays not to fall into temptation, saying, “I have kept watch and become like a solitary sparrow upon the housetop”; but food for the soul is the study of divine discourses, and its works are the virtues; its attendants are the senses. Thus, the soul more precious than costly stones provides these things to its bodily dwelling. It is said that the soul of the earnest one possesses the wood of knowledge and the wood of life of the Church— knowledge as law, life as word. For this soul is the one that came forth from Christ’s side, and having been found as His bride, she is the prudent and courageous woman who has kept this faith and again awaits this heavenly Bridegroom. A pure intellect is a noose, binding virtue to virtue and doctrine to doctrine; or it is a spoken word drawing spiritual contemplation from the intellect. Without such intellect, one cannot proceed nor come to be in contemplation of incorporeal things unless one has first set right what is within; for the disturbance of one’s own inner state tends to turn one back toward the things from which one came forth. But having acquired dispassion, one continues in contemplation through time,

And he will not worry about those in his house, for all who are with him are clothed: the one, anger, with gentleness and humility of mind; the other, desire, with self-control and continence. Hesitant grains—those things which make hesitation to obtain the kingdom—are eaten by the guileless and simple-minded soul that is well-knowing and God-loving; she does not eat them, nor does she even taste them, should she happen to desire them hastily; for she calls hesitant grains the evils. False pleasures and vain beauty: the most foolish soul not only conceives and imagines what is pleasing to itself, but also undertakes in action to fulfill the contemplation. But if the beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord, then the soul that happens to possess wisdom praises the fear of the Lord, which has become to her a foreigner in regard to such knowledge. For they know that she possesses the knowledge concerning practical matters—namely, the choice of virtue and the flight from vice—and that she has acquired as her possession those who are taught by her; therefore, they say, having taken hold of her, we handle these things thus. Otherwise, the possession of the righteous, wisdom and prudence, understanding and virtue—these possessions are seized by the impious, who persuade the righteous to do something of the things forbidden by God, so that the mind, blinded by sin, may fall away from these holy possessions. To the understanding righteous person, the burdensome things of affairs become easy; but to the one who is otherwise disposed, and who possesses ease and some manner of refreshment, the easy things become burdensome. For they possess a discourse that is knowledgeable in theorems, yet having nothing lofty.

Greek

ὅσον καὶ τέλειον αὐτὸν κλέψας ὁ διάβολος, θύσει ἑαυτῷ. Ὁ κλέπτης γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐκ ἔρχεται, εἰ μὴ ἵνα κλέψῃ καὶ θύσῃ, καὶ ἀπολέσῃ. –Ὅρκον εἶπε τὸν νόμον· ὥσπερ γὰρ ὁ ὅρκος τίθησι τὸν Θεὸν ἐν ψυχῇ, οὕτω καὶ ὁ νόμος εἰσάγει Θεὸν εἰς ψυχήν· καὶ ὃν τρόπον πάλιν ἀναιρεῖ ἡ ἐπιορκία Θεὸν ἐκ ψυχῆς, οὕτω καὶ ἡ παρανομία ἐκβάλλει Θεὸν ἀπ' αὐτῆς. Ἐὰν οὖν, φησὶ, νόμου τεθέντος ἀκούσαντες μὴ ἐξαγορεύσωσιν ἑαυτῶν τὰς ἁμαρτίας, φοβηθέντες καὶ αἰσχυνθέντες ἀνθρώ πους, ὑποσκελισθήσονται πρὸς ἀπώλειαν· οὕτω φησὶ καὶ ὁ ∆αυΐδ· Εἶπα· Ἐξαγορεύσω κατ' ἐμοῦ τὴν ἀνο μίαν μου τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ σὺ ἀφῆκας τὴν ἀσέβειαν τῆς καρδίας μου· καί· Λέγε σὺ πρῶτος τὰς ἁμαρ τίας σου, ἵνα δικαιωθῇς· καὶ πάλιν ὁ Σολομῶν φησιν· Ὁ ἐπικαλύπτων ἀσέβειαν αὑτοῦ, οὐκ εὐοδωθήσεται· ὁ δὲ ἐξηγούμενος καὶ ἐλέγχων ἀγαπηθήσεται. Ὅσοι κατορθοῦμεν τὰς ἐντολὰς, θεραπεύομεν τοὺς ἀγγέλους· αὐτοὶ γάρ εἰσιν οἱ ἡγούμενοι ἡμῶν, ἀπ' ἀρχῆς λαβόντες ἡμᾶς, ὅτε διεμέριζεν ὁ Ὕψιστος ἔθνη, καὶ ἔστησεν ὅρια ἐθνῶν κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ἀγγέλων αὐτοῦ· ἐν δὲ τῷ θεραπεύειν ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἡγουμένους ἡμῶν ἀγγέλους, ἐν τῷ θελήματι τοῦ Κυρίου, ἐν τῇ κρίσει δίκαιον ὑπάρξει ἡμῖν παρὰ τοῦ Κυρίου ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, ὅτε κρινεῖ τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐν δι καιοσύνῃ εἴ γε πᾶσαν τὴν κρίσιν ὁ Πατὴρ δέδωκε τῷ Υἱῷ. Ἀνδρεία ἐστὶν ἕξις ἀρίστη λογικῆς ψυχῆς, καθ' ἣν τῶν ἀντικειμένων αὕτη κεκράτηκεν ἐχθρῶν. Νικήσαντες τὴν ἀντικειμένην δύναμιν, σκυλεύομεν αὐτὴν, τοὺς περὶ αὐτῆς λόγους μανθάνοντες· ἵνα τὰ κατ' αὐτὴν φαῦλα δῆλα ποιήσαντες, ἀπαγίδευτοι μέ νωσι, μὴ μόνον οἱ ἁπλούστεροι, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ συλλαγω γηθέντες ῥᾳδίως ἐκφεύγωσιν ἀπ' αὐτῆς. Μηρύεται τὸ ἔριον καὶ λίνον ψυχὴ, τοὺς περὶ ἐμψύ χων καὶ ἀψύχων λόγους γυμνάζουσα· ἢ τοὺς περὶ πρακτικῆς καὶ φυσικῆς ἐξετάζουσα λόγους· ἢ τὴν περὶ σωμάτων καὶ ἀσωμάτων θεωρίαν διὰ τῆς πρακτι κῆς ἕλκουσα πρὸς αὐτὴν ἕξεως. Ἢ καὶ τὴν ἐκ νυκτὸς ἀνισταμένην ψυχὴν, γρηγο ροῦσαν εὑρίσκει ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἥλιος νυμφίος· πάντως δὲ καὶ προσευχομένην τοῦ μὴ ἐμπεσεῖν εἰς πειρασμὸν, λέγουσαν τὸ, Ἠγρύπνησα καὶ ἐγενόμην ὡς στρουθίον μονάζον ἐπὶ δώματος· βρῶμα δέ ἐστι ψυ χῆς, ἡ μελέτη τῶν θείων λόγων· ἔργα δὲ, αἱ ἀρεταί· 17.252 θεραπαινίδες δὲ, αἱ αἰσθήσεις· ταῦτ' οὖν παρέχει ἡ τιμιωτέρα λίθων πολυτελῶν ψυχὴ τῷ σωματικῷ αὐτῆς οἴκῳ. Τὴν τοῦ σπουδαίου ψυχήν φησιν ἔχουσαν Ἐκκλη σίαν ξύλον γνώσεως καὶ ξύλον ζωῆς· γνώσεως μὲν ὡς νόμου, ζωῆς δὲ ὡς λόγου· αὕτη γάρ ἐστιν ἡ ἐκ πλευρᾶς Χριστοῦ προελθοῦσα, καὶ νύμφη τούτου εὑρεθεῖσα, ἡ σώφρων καὶ ἀνδρεία γυνὴ, ἡ τὴν πίστιν τούτου τηρήσασα, καὶ τοῦτον νυμφίον ἀπ' οὐρανῶν πάλιν προσδοκῶσα. Ἄτρακτός ἐστι νοῦς καθαρὸς, συμπλέκων ἀρετὴν ἐπ' ἀρετῇ, καὶ δόγματι δόγμα· ἢ λόγος προφορικὸς, ἕλκων ἀπὸ τοῦ νοῦ πνευματικὴν θεωρίαν. Οὐκ ἂν προέλθοι νοῦς, οὐδὲ ἐν θεωρίᾳ γένοιτο τῶν ἀσωμάτων, μὴ τὰ ἔνδον διορθωσάμενος· ἡ γὰρ ταραχὴ τῶν οἰκείων ἐπιστρέφειν αὐτὸν εἴωθε πρὸς τὰ ἀφ' ὧν ἐξελήλυθεν· ἀπάθειαν δὲ κτησάμενος, χρονίσει τε ἐν τῇ θεωρίᾳ, καὶ οὐ φροντίσει τῶν ἐν οἴκῳ· ἐνδέδυνται γὰρ πάντες οἱ παρ' αὐτῆς· ὁ μὲν θυμὸς, πραότητα καὶ ταπεινοφροσύνην· ἡ δὲ ἐπιθυ μία, σωφροσύνην καὶ ἐγκράτειαν. Σῖτα ὀκνηρὰ, τὰ ὀκνοποιοῦντα τυχεῖν τῆς βασι λείας τοὺς ἁπλουστέρους καὶ ἀφελεστέρους, ἡ εὐγνώ μων καὶ θεοφιλὴς ψυχὴ οὐκ ἐσθίει, οὔτε μὴν τού των γεύεται, εἰ τάχα τύχοι αὐτῶν ἐπιθυμῆσαι· τὰς κακίας γάρ φησι σῖτα ὀκνηρά. Ψευδεῖς ἀρέσκειαι, καὶ μάταιον κάλλος. Ἡ ἀφρο νεστάτη ψυχὴ οὐ μόνον ἐννοεῖ καὶ φαντάζεται τὸ αὑτῇ ἀρεστὸν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔργῳ ἐγχειρεῖ πληρῶσαι τὴν θεωρίαν· εἰ δὲ ἀρχὴ σοφίας φόβος Κυρίου, δι καίως ἡ τυχοῦσα σοφίας ψυχὴ αἰνεῖ τὸν φόβον τοῦ Κυρίου, ὃς γέγονεν αὐτῇ τῆς τοιαύτης γνώσεως πρό ξενος. Ἴσασι γὰρ ὅτι τὴν μὲν περὶ τὰ πρακτέα κέκτηται γνῶσιν, ἀρετῆς μὲν αἵρεσιν, φυγὴν δὲ κακίας, καὶ ὅτι κτῆσιν ἔχει τοὺς διδασκομένους ὑπ' αὐτοῦ· φασὶν οὖν ὡς αὐτὸν ἑλόντες, καὶ τούτοις χειρούμεθα· ἄλλως δὲ κτῆσις τοῦ δικαίου, σοφία καὶ φρόνησις, σύνεσίς τε καὶ ἀρετή· καταλαμβάνονται δὲ τὴν κτῆσιν ταύ την οἱ ἀσεβεῖς, πείθοντες τὸν δίκαιον ποιῆσαί τι τῶν ἀπηγορευμένων Θεῷ· ἵνα τυφλωθεὶς ἀπὸ τῆς ἁμαρ τίας ὁ νοῦς ἐκπέσῃ τῶν ἁγίων τούτων κτημάτων. Τὸ μὲν συνετῷ δικαίῳ, καὶ τὰ δυσχερῆ τῶν πρα γμάτων εὔκολα γίνεται· τῷ δὲ ἑτέρως ἔχοντι, καὶ τὰ εὔκολα καὶ ἀνάψυξίν τινα ἔχοντα, δυσχερῆ καθίσταται. Λόγον γὰρ ἔχουσι θεωρημάτων ἐπιστήμονα, μηδὲν ἔχοντες ὑψηλόν.

About this text

Origen of Alexandria, Expositio in Proverbia (Greek).

Original English Translation of Origen’s Expositio in Proverbia — new OET from PG 13 Greek.

Catalogue & scope

Khazarzar scan

Witnesses

  • Copy-text PG 13 (Khazarzar) (Greek)

This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.