Against Celsus, Book IV · §71 · Origen of Alexandria

Scripture speaks to us as we speak to children

After this Celsus, failing to understand them, ridicules the passages in the Scriptures that speak of God as though he were subject to human passions, the passages in which words of wrath are spoken against the ungodly and threats against those who have sinned. To this we must say: just as we, when we talk with very young children, do not aim in our speech at the full measure of our own ability, but adapt ourselves to the weakness of those in our charge and say, and also do, what seems to us useful for turning the children back and correcting them, as children, so the Word of God seems to have arranged what has been written, measuring what was fitting in the telling by the capacity of the hearers and by what would be useful to them.

And in general, about this manner of speaking of God, it is said in Deuteronomy: “The Lord your God bore your ways, as a man might bear the ways of his son” (Deuteronomy 1:31). Bearing, as it were, the ways of a man for the benefit of human beings, the Word says such things. For the many did not need God, where he is represented as speaking, to say what was to be said to such people in a way befitting himself.

But whoever cares about the clear meaning of the divine writings will find from them the things that are called spiritual for those who are called spiritual (1 Corinthians 2:13), comparing the intent of what is said to the weaker with that of what is announced to the more advanced, since both often lie in the same expression for anyone who knows how to hear it.

Greek

Ἐπεὶ δὲ μετὰ ταῦτα μὴ νοήσας τὰς περὶ θεοῦ ὡς ἀνθρωποπαθοῦς ἐν ταῖς γραφαῖς λέξεις διασύρει ὁ Κέλσος ἐν αἷς ὀργῆς λέγονται κατὰ τῶν ἀσεβῶν φωναὶ καὶ ἀπειλαὶ κατὰ τῶν ἡμαρτηκότων, λεκτέον ὅτι, ὥσπερ ἡμεῖς τοῖς κομιδῇ νηπίοις διαλεγόμενοι οὐ τοῦ ἑαυτῶν ἐν τῷ λέγειν στοχαζόμεθα δυνατοῦ, ἀλλ᾿ ἁρμοζόμενοι πρὸς τὸ ἀσθενὲς τῶν ὑποκειμένων φαμὲν ταῦτα ἀλλὰ καὶ ποιοῦμεν ἃ φαίνεται ἡμῖν χρήσιμα εἰς τὴν τῶν παίδων ὡς παίδων ἐπιστροφὴν καὶ διόρθωσιν· οὕτως ἔοικεν ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ λόγος ᾠκονομηκέναι τὰ ἀναγεγραμμένα, μετρήσας τῇ δυνάμει τῶν ἀκουόντων καὶ τῷ πρὸς αὐτοὺς χρησίμῳ τὸ ἐν τῇ ἀπαγγελίᾳ πρέπον, καὶ καθόλου γε περὶ τοῦ τοιούτου τρόπου τῆς ἀπαγγελίας τῶν περὶ θεοῦ ἐν τῷ Δευτερονομίῳ οὕτω λέλεκται· „ἐτροποφόρησέ σε κύριος ὁ θεός σου, ὡς εἴ τις τροποφορήσαι ἄνθρωπος τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ.“ οἱονεὶ ἀνθρώπου τρόπους πρὸς τὸ ἀνθρώποις λυσιτελὲς φορῶν ὁ λόγος τοιαῦτα λέγει· οὐ γὰρ ἐδέοντο οἱ πολλοὶ προσωποποιοῦντος θεοῦ ἁρμοζόντως ἑαυτῷ τὰ πρὸς τοὺς τοιούσδε λεχθησόμενα. ἀλλ᾿ ᾧ μέλει τῆς τῶν θείων γραμμάτων σαφηνείας εὑρήσει ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν τὰ λεγόμενα πνευματικὰ τοῖς ὀνομαζομένοις πνευματικοῖς. συγκρίνων τὸ βούλημα τῶν τε πρὸς τοὺς ἀσθενετέρους λεγομένων καὶ τῶν τοῖς ἐντρεχεστέροις ἀπαγγελλομένων, πολλάκις ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ λέξει ἑκατέρων τῷ εἰδότι ἀκούειν αὐτῆς κειμένων.

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About this text

Origen answers Celsus’s scorn for the belief that God or his Son comes down to the world, showing that the Word comes down without change and that God’s threats and punishments are a cure, not a fit of temper. He then defends the stories of Genesis and the patriarchs, read in their deeper sense, against the charge that they are silly tales, and rejects Celsus’s claim that the world was made no more for man than for the animals, which Celsus thought nearer to God than men.

Translated from the Greek of Koetschau, GCS 2–3 (1899), via the Perseus digital text, which serves as the base text. Each chapter was translated from the Greek and then checked clause by clause against it in a separate review. No earlier English translation was consulted.

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Translated from Koetschau GCS 2 – 3 (1899) — Greek (Greek · Book IV, chapters 1 – 99)

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