To Florus 2.215
The life in which the holy will reign is shown to be eternal. Therefore the death that follows voluntary wickedness should also be understood as eternal. ‘Therefore, as through one man’s offense it came upon all human beings to condemnation, so through one man’s righteousness it came upon all human beings to justification of life. For just as through one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so through one man’s obedience many will be made righteous’ (Romans 5:18–19). Every difficulty is resolved. It is shameless to stir up a false accusation about universality; it is utterly foolish to hunt for a knot in a smooth rush. The apostle declares that not all but many learned sins through the first man’s disobedience, and that many, not all, obtained righteousness through the other’s obedience. Human origin is not under discussion here. Conduct is displayed in opposing pursuits. Disobedience and obedience show the activity of deliberate conduct, not of generation. Surely, if the apostle thought as you do, where could he more fittingly have declared that all go to condemnation by birth but few to life by believing, than here, where the argument’s conclusion was to be completed? He ought to have said: ‘Just as through one man’s disobedience all were made sinners’—or rather, not ‘through disobedience,’ but ‘Just as through the first man’s generation all were born sinners, so through one man’s obedience many will be made righteous.’
Latin
Vita autem, in qua regnaturi sunt sancti, aeterna monstratur; ergo et mors, quae iniquitatem voluntariam sequitur, aeterna credatur. Itaque sicut per unius delictum in omnes homines in condemnationem, sic et per unius iustitiam in omnes homines in iustificationem vitae. Sicut enim per unius inoboedientiam peccatores constituti sunt multi, ita et per unius oboedientiam iusti constituentur multi [n347] . Omnis est soluta perplexitas, impudenter de universitate calumnia concitatur, ineptissime in scirpo nodus quaeritur. Pronuntiat Apostolus non omnes esse, sed multos, qui per inoboedientiam primi hominis peccata didicissent, et multos esse, non omnes, qui per alterius oboedientiam iustitiam essent adepti. Nihil hic de exortu humanitatis agitur, mores in diversis studiis publicantur; inoboedientia et oboedientia studiorum operam, non generationis ostendit. Certe ubi opportunius, si quid secundum te saperet Apostolus, pronuntiaret omnes ad condemnationem ire nascendo, paucos autem ad vitam credendo quam in hoc loco, ubi summa disputationis complenda erat? Debuit enim dicere: Sicut per inoboedientiam unius hominis peccatores constituti sunt omnes, immo non per inoboedientiam, sed sicut per generationem primi hominis peccatores nati sunt omnes, ita et per unius oboedientiam iusti constituentur multi.
About this text
Julian’s six preserved books to Florus, quoted section by section in Augustine’s unfinished reply. Augustine’s refutations are omitted. Latin of Julian’s words is on each section.
Julian’s own books do not survive as a separate manuscript. English follows his words as Augustine quotes them in the Unfinished Work Against Julian. Augustine’s replies are omitted. We do not restore a Julian text independent of Augustine.
Witnesses
- Copy-text Augustine, Unfinished Work Against Julian (Latin · Julian’s words as quoted, Books 1–6)
- Checked print Augustinus.it Latin of the Unfinished Work (Latin · Same work)
- Checked print Migne PL 45 (Latin · Hard cases)
This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Latin on each section (or the Latin source witness link) for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.