Exposition on Proverbs · §13

The Law of Consequences and Divine Nature

It manifests things of bodies and things incorporeal; and the loss demonstrates the ultimate irrationality. So that one becomes wise in old age: After right conduct comes knowledge; for the 'end things' here does not mean time, but purity that comes after the practical virtues.

The fear of the Lord is unto life for a man (Proverbs 14:27), but the wanderer will stumble in places where the age is not observed. The fear of the Lord is unto life for a man, and the fear of the Lord is discipline and wisdom; the life of the man is discipline and wisdom. But Christ says: 'I am the life' (John 14:6); therefore Christ is discipline and wisdom. To know, then, discipline and wisdom is to know Christ; so the one without fear will be in evil and ignorance, in which Christ is not.

He who hides his hands in his bosom unjustly, nor with his mouth will he ever bring them forth: He who does not rightly, hides the hands unjustly in his soul, not wishing to work his own land nor to be filled with bread; for the practical virtues have a logic, bringing the bread to our mouths, the one descended from the heavens and giving life to the world.

He who dishonors a father and pushes away a mother will be ashamed and will be a reprobate: Through the transgression of the law he dishonors God, and he pushes away the mother, who is the discipline; if a righteous man is born unto life, and righteousness consists of all the virtues. A son left to fail in keeping the discipline of a father will meditate bad sayings: The impure thoughts are bad sayings being born in the soul of one who has not kept the commandments of the heavenly Father.

Unrestrained wine and insolent drunkenness: If their wine is the wrath of dragons, and the wine is unrestrained, then the wrath is unrestrained, making men unrestrained, and the anger is insolent; for this drunkenness is accustomed to come from a boiling wrath. If, however, Nazirites abstain from wine according to the law, then the Nazirites are outside of wrath...

It is established as law. Neither the threat of a king nor the fury of a lion differs (LXX: not). Here Christ is spoken of as a king in opposition; for he, provoked by sins, sins against his own soul.

Likewise, the one lending grain in a year of famine: If it is possible to borrow grain in a year of famine, it is also possible to borrow spiritual grain in the age to come from those who worked their own land in the six years and fed the widow and the orphan in the seventh year. He will leave his children blessed: those whom he has brought forth according to virtue.

A father or mother being slandered, a lamp will be extinguished: The same Christ is able, in thought, to be both father and mother; father to those possessing the spirits of adoption, but mother to those needing milk and not solid food; for the Christ speaking in Paul became a father to the Ephesians, revealing mysteries of wisdom to them, but a mother to the Corinthians, giving them milk to drink.

A part being studied in the first stages: It may for a time moisten your throat with part, but later you will find it more bitter with bile. Do not say: I will strike the enemy: Do not say this, moved by pride: I alone will fight the enemies, but endure the Lord so that he may help you. And David says: I trust not in my bow, and my sword shall not save me (Psalm 118:24-25); and again: A false horse toward salvation (Proverbs 14:31); and if the Lord builds not a house, and keeps not a city (Psalm 127:1).

A great and small weight and double measures, both are an abomination (LXX: unclean) before the Lord (Proverbs 20:10): I think that what is called a great and small weight by some is considered reckless; and I think that a great and small weight is any total excess or deficiency; for both are evils. Double measures: He who intends to suffer well from another, but does not pre-meditate to similarly refresh others, has double measures, not obeying the commandment which says: All that you want men to do to you, all so do you to them (Matthew 7:12).

Greek

σωμάτων καὶ ἀσωμάτων ἐμφαίνει· ἡ δὲ ζημία τὴν ἐσχάτην ἀλογίαν παρίστησιν. Ἵνα σοφὸς γένῃ ἐπὶ γήρως: Μετὰ τὴν ὀρθὴν πολιτείαν ἐστὶν ἡ γνῶσις· τὸ γὰρ Ἐπ' ἐσχάτων ἐνταῦθα οὐ τὸν χρόνον σημαίνει, ἀλλὰ τὴν μετὰ τὰς πρακτικὰς ἀρετὰς καθαρότητα. Φόβος κυρίου εἰς ζωὴν ἀνδρί, ὁ δὲ πλανώμενος αὐλισθήσεται ἐν τόποις οἷς οὐκ ἐπισκοπεῖται ὁ αἰώνιος: Εἰ φόβος κυρίου εἰς ζωὴν ἀνδρί, φόβος δὲ κυρίου παιδεία καὶ σοφία, ζωὴ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς παιδεία ἐστὶν καὶ σοφία. ἀλλὰ Χριστὸς λέγει· Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ζωή· ὁ Χριστὸς ἄρα ἐστὶν παιδεία καὶ σοφία. τὸ οὖν γνῶναι παιδείαν καὶ σοφίαν γνῶναί ἐστιν τὸν Χριστόν· ὁ οὖν ἄφοβος ἔσται ἐν κακίᾳ καὶ ἀγνωσίᾳ, ἐν αἷς οὐκ ἔστιν Χριστός. 101 Ὁ ἐγκρύπτων χεῖρας αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν κόλπον ἀδίκως, οὐδὲ τῷ στόματι αὐτοῦ οὐ μὴ προσαγάγῃ αὐτάς: Ο μὴ ὀρθῶς βιοὺς κρύπτει ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ αὐτοῦ τὰς χεῖρας ἀδίκως, τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γῆν ἐργάσασθαι μὴ βουλόμενος μηδ' ἐμπλησθῆναι ἄρτων· αἱ γὰρ πρακτικαὶ ἀρεταὶ χειρῶν ἐπέχουσι λόγον, τὸν ἄρτον τῷ στόματι ἡμῶν προσφέρουσαι, τὸν ἀπὸ τῶν οὐρανῶν καταβάντα καὶ ζωὴν διδοῦντα τῷ κόσμῳ. Ὁ ἀτιμάζων πατέρα καὶ ἀπωθούμενος μητέρα υἱὸς αἰσχυνθήσεται καὶ ἐπονείδιστος ἔσται: ∆ιὰ τῆς παραβάσεως τοῦ νόμου τὸν θεὸν ἀτιμάζει, καὶ τὴν μητέρα δὲ ἀπωθεῖται, ἥτις ἐστὶν ἡ παιδεία· εἴπερ ἀνὴρ δίκαιος γεννᾶται εἰς ζωήν, ἡ δὲ δικαιοσύνη ἀπὸ πασῶν συνίσταται τῶν ἀρετῶν. Υἱὸς ἀπολειπόμενος φυλάξαι παιδείαν πατρὸς μελετήσει ῥήσεις κακάς: Οἱ ἀκάθαρτοι λογισμοὶ ῥήσεις εἰσὶ κακαὶ ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ γεννώμεναι τοῦ μὴ τετηρηκότος τὰς ἐντολὰς τοῦ ἐπουρανίου πατρός. Ἀκόλαστον οἶνος καὶ ὑβριστικὸν μέθη: Εἰ θυμὸς δρακόντων ὁ οἶνος αὐτῶν, ἀκόλαστον δὲ ὁ οἶνος, ἀκόλαστον ἄρα ὁ θυμός, ἀκολάστους τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ποιῶν, καὶ ὑβριστικὸν ἡ ὀργή· αὕτη γὰρ ἡ μέθη ἀπὸ ζέοντος τοῦ θυμοῦ πέφυκε γίνεσθαι. εἰ δὲ οἴνου ναζιραῖοι κατὰ τὸν νόμον ἀπέχονται, θυμοῦ ἄρα τοὺς ναζιραίους ἐκτὸς εἶναι νενομοθέτηται. Οὐδὲν (LXX οὐ) διαφέρει ἀπειλὴ βασιλέως θυμοῦ λέοντος: Ἐνταῦθα τὸν Χριστὸν ἄντικρυς εἴρηκε βασιλέα· ὁ γὰρ τοῦτον διὰ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν παροξύνων ἁμαρτάνει εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχήν. Ὡσαύτως ὁ δανιζόμενος σῖτον ἐν ἀμητῷ: Εἰ ἔστιν ἐν ἀμητῷ σῖτον δανείσασθαι, ἔστιν καὶ ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τῷ μέλλοντι νοητὸν σῖτον δανείσασθαι παρὰ τῶν ἐργασαμένων ἐν τοῖς ἓξ ἔτεσι τὴν ἑαυτῶν γῆν, καὶ τρεφόντων ἐν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ ἔτει χήραν καὶ ὀρφανούς. Μακαρίους τοὺς παῖδας αὐτοῦ καταλείψει: Οὓς κατ' ἀρετὴν δηλονότι γεγέννηκεν. Κακολογοῦντος πατέρα ἢ μητέρα σβεσθήσεται λαμπτήρ: ∆ύναται ὁ αὐτὸς Χριστὸς κατ' ἐπίνοιαν καὶ πατὴρ εἶναι καὶ μήτηρ· πατὴρ μὲν τῶν πνεῦμα ἐχόντων υἱοθεσίας, μήτηρ δὲ τῶν δεομένων γάλακτος καὶ οὐ στερεᾶς τροφῆς· καὶ γὰρ ὁ ἐν Παύλῳ λαλῶν Χριστὸς πατὴρ μὲν τῶν Ἐφεσίων ἐγίνετο, σοφίας αὐτοῖς ἀποκαλύπτων μυστήρια, μήτηρ δὲ Κορινθίων, γάλα ποτίζων αὐτούς. Μερὶς ἐπισπουδαζομένη ἐν πρώτοις: Ἣ πρὸς καιρὸν λιπαίνει μερὶς σὸν φάρυγγα, ὕστερον μέντοι πικρότερον χολῆς εὑρήσεις. Μὴ εἴπῃς· Τίσομαι τὸν ἐχθρόν: Μὴ εἴπῃς καθ' ὑπερηφανίαν κινούμενος· Ἐγὼ μόνος τοῖς ἐχθροῖς 102 πολεμήσω, ἀλλ' ὑπόμεινον τὸν κύριον ἵνα σοι βοηθήσῃ. καὶ ὁ ∆αυὶδ φησίν· Οὐκ ἐπὶ 14 τῷ τόξῳ μου ἐλπιῶ, καὶ ἡ ῥομφαία μου οὐ σώσει με· καὶ πάλιν· Ψευδὴς ἵππος εἰς σωτηρίαν· καὶ ἐὰν μὴ κύριος οἰκοδομήσῃ οἶκον καὶ φυλάξῃ πόλιν. Στάθμιον μέγα καὶ μικρὸν καὶ μέτρα δισσά, βδελυκτὰ (LXX ἀκάθαρτα) ἐνώπιον κυρίου ἀμφότερα: Τὸν παρά τισι θρασύδειλον λεγόμενον στάθμιον μέγα καὶ μικρὸν εἶναι νομίζω· καὶ καθόλου πᾶσαν ὑπερβολὴν καὶ ἔλλειψιν στάθμιον μέγα καὶ μικρὸν εἶναι νομίζω· ἑκάτερα γὰρ κακίαι. Μέτρα δισσά: Ὁ εὖ μὲν πάσχειν ὑφ' ἑτέρου βουλόμενος, αὐτὸς δὲ ὁμοίως ἄλλους ἀναπαύειν μὴ προαιρούμενος, μέτρα ἔχει δισσά, μὴ πειθόμενος τὴν ἐντολὴν τὴν λέγουσαν· Πάντα ὅσα θέλετε ἵνα ποιῶσιν ὑμῖν οἱ ἄνθρωποι, πάντα

About this text

Evagrius reads Proverbs line by line as a training manual for monks fighting temptation.

Original English Translation of Evagrius Ponticus’s Expositio in Proverbia Salomonis — new OET from PG 40 Greek.

Catalogue & scope

Khazarzar scan

Witnesses

  • Copy-text PG 40 (Khazarzar) (Greek)

This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Greek on each section for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.