The Nourishment of the Inner Man
Is it against the law? Observe: one angel, at the will of God, struck down one hundred eighty-five thousand in a single blow (Ps 78:49), and perhaps he was not a pure angel, since he was not acting to punish. Therefore, the perfect man who guards holiness, being God's own eyewitness and servant, is able to save many who fear Him.
If the explanation seems violent to anyone, not so: just as it is said, 'God made man' (Gen 1:26), to be the ruler of irrational animals, and we are not speaking of the individual kind, nor of this specific one, but the whole species. 'I made earth and man upon it' (Gen 1:1); thus he named the whole species. Even so, the angel here may signify the general, that those fearing the Lord have angels intervening and surrounding them, saving them from every tribulation.
You have this in the Gospel: 'See that you do not cause one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble; for their angels always see the face of our Father in heaven' (Matt 18:10). They stand before God, we see His face, they see the invisible one invisibly. Behold, therefore, of the many little ones, many angels are spoken of, but of those fearing the Lord, one angel is said. It is said singularly, for not even one is excluded.
And this can also be said: the little ones do not fear God, but have a passive fear; for 'perfect love casts out fear' (1 John 4:18). And: 'fear has punishment'. 'Do not fear those who kill the body but are not able to kill the soul' (Matt 10:28); but those who fear God have an excessive fear, about which it is said in Sirach: 'the fear of the Lord surpassed all things' (Sir 1:14), which comes to him who seeks Him with much progress.
Therefore, these who fear the Lord can have one angel intervening and saving them, the Savior himself, about whom it is said: 'His name is called Angel of Great Counsel' (Isa 9:6); for in many writings an angel is mentioned not applying to any single person. Jacob also says of him: 'the angel who saves me from all evils' (Gen 48:16). But no one is able to save from all evils except the Savior who has the authority to forgive all sin. And of the sin...
Once the punishment is assigned, the following afflictions follow, joining together with that evil. It is like a perimeter and a wall surrounding them, keeping them safe from harm. And in Zechariah, namely the eleventh of the twelve prophets, it says: 'Jerusalem shall be inhabited desolately' (Zech 8:10), and it says: 'And I will be around them like a pillar of fire and a wall encircling them' (Zech 2:5). But it is fire for the purpose of harming those approaching more; for immediately in that same region of the prophet it says: 'because he who touches you touches the apple of his eye' (Zech 2:8). To touch there means to harm, like: 'Touch not my anointed ones' (Ps 105:15). Taste and see that the Lord is good (Ps 34:8).
Many times it has been said to us that the sensible and bodily things are like this: each thing is only what it is; for example, a stream is nothing other than a stream, or bread. But the thing that nourishes the inner man is called food according to various thoughts. It is indeed called light, it is called a spring, it is called bread and flesh, true nourishment. It says, therefore, 'taste' by the incorporeal taste of the inner man, 'and see that the Lord is good' (Ps 34:8), because He is good. Just taste, know that He is nourishment, see the spring of goodness, the spring of kindness.
Blessed is the man who hopes in Him (Ps 1:1). The one hoping in the good Lord—for he tastes Him—and he will experience His sweetness, and from this food he will have all things, and being nourished athletically he will be strong, so that in the struggle he no longer has it 'not toward blood and flesh, but toward principalities and powers' (Eph 6:12). 'Taste and see that He is good' (Ps 34:8). If anyone is weary and sick according to the soul, let him taste Him as nourishment, as one preparing health, as one removing harm. And this food not only satisfies, but also removes, casting out the harmful things.
Therefore, 'blessed' is not simply the man, but the 'man' who has done away with 'the things of a child' (1 Cor 13:11), who has not walked 'in the counsel of the ungodly' (Ps 1:1), nor sat 'in the seat of scoffers' (Ps 1:1), nor 'in the way of sinners' (Ps 1:1), nor 'on the seat of scoffers' (Ps 1:1), but having 'his will in the law of the Lord' (Ps 1:2). This one has his will in the law of the Lord; for many observe the law so that they may not be punished or so that they may be honored with praise. But the holy one, the...
Greek
ἐναντίου"; σκόπει· εἷς ἄγγελος θελήσαντος θεοῦ ἑκατὸν ὀγδοήκοντα πέντε χιλιάδας ῥοπῇ μιᾷ ἀνεῖλεν, καίτοι τάχα οὐ καθαρὸς ἄγγελος ὤν, ἐπεὶ κολάσει οὐ διεκονεῖτο. πολλῷ πλέον οὖν ὁ τέλειος ἄνθρωπος ὁ ἁγιότητα φυλάττων, ὁ "αὐτόπτης καὶ ὑπηρέτης" ὢν θεοῦ, δύναται ῥύσασθαι πολλοὺς φοβουμένους. ἐὰν δέ τινι βίαιος φαίνηται ἡ ἀπόδοσις, οὑ´̣τ̣ως̣· ὥσπερ λέγει, ὅτι "ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον", ἵνα ἄρχῃ τῶν ἀλόγων ζῴων, καὶ οὐ τὸν ἰδικῶς ποιὸν λέγομεν, οὐ τόνδε λέγομεν, ἀλλ' ὅλον τὸ εἶδος. "ἐποίησα γῆν καὶ ἄνθρωπον ἐπ' αὐτῆς"· τὸ εἶδος ὅλον οὕτως ὠνόμασεν. δύναται οὐ῀̣ν̣ καὶ ὧδε ὁ ἄγγελος τὸ καθόλου σημαίνειν, ὅτι οἱ φοβούμενοι τὸν κύριον ἔχουσιν παρεμβεβληκότας καὶ κυκλοῦντας αὐτοὺς ἀγγέλους 118 ῥυομένους αὐτοὺς ἐκ πάσης θλίψεως. ἔχεις γοῦν τοῦτο ἐν εὐαγγελίῳ· "ὁρᾶτε μὴ σκανδαλίσητε ἕνα τῶν μικρῶν τούτων τῶν πιστευόντων εἰς ἐμέ· οἱ γὰρ ἄγγελοι αὐτῶν διὰ παντὸς βλέπουσιν τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν τοῦ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς". παραστάται εἰσὶν τοῦ θεοῦ, τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ὁρῶσιν, ἀοράτως τὸν ἀόρατον βλέπουσιν. ἰδοὺ οὖν τῶν πολλῶν μικρῶν πολλοὶ ἄγγελοι ἐλέχθησαν, τῶν δὲ φοβουμένων τὸν κύριον εἷς ἄγγελος εἴρηται. ἑνικῶς εἴρηται, οὐδὲ γὰρ εἷς. δυνατὸν δὲ καὶ τοῦτο εἰπεῖν· οἱ μικροὶ οὐ τὸν θεὸν φοβοῦνται, ἀλλὰ τὸν παθητικὸν ἔχουσιν φόβον· "ἡ τελεία" γὰρ "ἀγάπη ἔξω βάλλει τὸν φόβον". καί· "ὁ φόβος κόλασιν ἔχει". "μὴ φοβεῖσθε ἀπὸ τῶν ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν μὴ δυναμένων ἀποκτεῖναι"· ἐκεῖνοι δὲ τὸν θεὸν φοβοῦνται οἱ τὸν ὑπερβάλλοντα φόβον ἔχοντες, περὶ οὗ εἴρηται 195 ἐν τῇ Σιράχ· "φόβος κυρίου πάντα ὑπερέβαλεν", ὅστις παραγίνεται τῷ ζητοῦντι αὐτὸν μετὰ πολλὴν προκοπήν. δύνανται οὖν οὗτοι οἱ φοβούμενοι τὸν κύριον ἕνα ἄγγελον ἔχειν παρεμβεβληκότα καὶ ῥυόμενον αὐτοὺς αὐτὸν τὸν σωτῆρα περὶ οὗ λέγεται· "καλεῖται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ μεγάλης βουλῆς ἄγγελος"· ἐν πολλαῖς γὰρ γραφαῖς φαίνεται ἄγγελος μνημονευόμενος οὐκ ἐφαρμόζων τινὶ γενητῷ. περὶ αὐτοῦ λέγει καὶ ὁ Ἰακώβ· "ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ ῥυόμενός με ἐκ πάντων τῶν κακῶν". οὐδεὶς δὲ δύναται ῥύσασθαι ἐκ πάντων τῶν κακῶν, εἰ μὴ ὁ σωτὴρ ὁ ἐξουσίαν ἔχων ἀφιέναι πᾶσαν ἁμαρτι´̣αν. τῆς δὲ ἁμαρτίας ἀφιεμένης καὶ ἡ ἑπομένη κόλασις, τὰ ἑπόμενα κακωτικά, συναπέρχεται τῃ῀̣ κα̣κίᾳ̣. ὥσπερ περίβολός τις καὶ περίτειχος περὶ αὐτοὺς γινόμενος ἀβ̣λ̣ήτους αὐτ̣οὺς φυλάττει. καὶ ἐν τῷ Ζαχαρίᾳ γοῦν τῷ ἑνδεκάτῳ τῶν δώδεκα προφητῶν λέγει· "κατακάρπως κατοικηθήσεται Ἰερουσαλήμ", καὶ λέγει· "καὶ ἔσομαι κύκλῳ αὐτῶν ὡς στῦλος πυρὸς καὶ τεῖχος κυκλοῦν αὐτούς". πυρὸς δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ τοὺς ἐγγίζοντας βλάπτεσθαι μᾶλλον· εὐθέως γὰρ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ περιοχῇ τοῦ προφήτου λέγει· "διότι ὁ ἁπτόμενος ὑμῶν ὡς ὁ ἁπτόμενος τῆς κόρης τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ αὐτοῦ". τὸ ἅψασθαι ἐνταῦθα τὸ βλάψαι σημαίνει, ὡς τό· "μὴ ἅπτεσθε τῶν χριστῶν μου". 9 γεύσασθε καὶ ἴδετε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος. πολλάκις ἐλέχθη ἡμῖν ὅτι τὰ αἰσθητὰ καὶ σωματικὰ οὕτως εἰσίν· ἕκαστον ὅ ἐστιν αὐτὸ μόνον ἐστίν· οἷον ἡ ῥοιὰ οὐδὲν ἕτερόν ἐστιν ἢ ῥοιά, ὁ ἄρτος. ἡ δὲ τρέφουσα τὸν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον τροφὴ κατὰ διαφόρους ἐπινοίας λέγεται. λέγεται γοῦν καὶ φῶς, λέγεται καὶ πηγή, λέγεται καὶ ἄρτος καὶ σάρξ, ἀληθινὴ βρῶσις. λέγει γοῦν· "γεύσασθε" τῇ γεύσει τῇ ἀοράτῳ τῇ τοῦ ἔσω ἀνθρώπου, "καὶ ἴδετε ὅτι χρηστός ἐστιν ὁ κύριος", ὅτι ἀγαθός. γεύσασθε μόνον, γνῶτε ὅτι τρόφιμός ἐστιν, ὁρᾶτε πηγὴν ἀγαθότητος, πηγὴν χρηστότητος. 9 μακάριος ἀνήρ, ὃς ἐλπίζει ἐπ' αὐτόν. ὁ ἐπ' αὐτὸν τὸν χρηστὸν κύριον ἐλπίζων–γεύεται γὰρ αὐτοῦ–, καὶ τῆς γλυκύτητος αὐτοῦ πειραθήσεται καὶ ἐκ τῆς τροφῆς ταύτης πάντα ἕξει καὶ ἀθλητικῶς τρεφόμενος ἰσχυρὸς ἔσται, ὡς τὴν πάλην μηκέτι "πρὸς αἷμα καὶ σάρκα, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ἀρχὰς καὶ ἐξουσίας" ἔχειν. "γεύσασθε καὶ ἴδετε ὅτι χρηστός". εἴ τις κ̣άμ̣ν̣ει καὶ νοσεῖ κατὰ τὴν ψυχήν, γευσάσθω αὐτοῦ ὡς τροφίμου, ὡς παρασκευάζοντος ὑγίειαν, ὡς ἀπαλέξουντος βλάβην. η῾̣ δὲ τροφὴ αὕτη οὐ μόνον κορέννυσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπαλέξει, τὰ βλαπτικὰ ἀποβάλλει. "μακάριος" οὖν οὐχ ἁπλῶς ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἀλλ' ὁ "ἀνήρ", ὁ καταργήσας "τὰ τοῦ νηπίου", ὁ "ἐν βουλῇ ἀσεβῶν" μὴ πορευθεὶς μηδὲ στὰς "ἐν ὁδῷ ἁμαρτωλῶν" μηδὲ "ἐπὶ καθέδραν λοιμῶν" καθίσας, ἀλλ' ἔχων "τὸ θέλημα ἑαυτοῦ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ κυρίου". οὗτ̣ο̣ς τὸ θέλημα ἑαυτοῦ ἔχει ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ κυρίου· πολλοὶ γὰρ τηροῦσιν τὸν νόμον, ἵνα μὴ κολασθῶσιν ἢ ἵνα δόξωσιν ἐπαινεῖσθαι. ὁ δὲ ἅγιος, ὁ
About this text
Didymus the Blind on the Psalms.
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Khazarzar scan
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- Copy-text PG (Khazarzar) (Greek)
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