Fragments on Hebrews · §2 · Cyril of Alexandria

Divine Humility for Human Exaltation

In the fullness of the ages, God spoke to us through His Son, without any mediation by prophets or holy voices, but directly through the Only-Begotten, who became flesh for our sake.

Through the prophets, God multiplied visions and became like them in their hands, and He who speaks is present, announcing peace and good things as the feet of one bringing good news on the mountains.

And again, He who speaks is present, as the one who brings good news on the mountains, proclaiming peace and announcing good things.

He did not take on flesh merely to remain poor alongside us, having cast aside his own inherent and divine riches; rather, it was so that we, who languish in want of heavenly gifts, might be made rich through his poverty.

And his name is called Angel of Great Counsel.

Though he is by nature the Son and co-heir with the Father, he submitted to birth from the holy Virgin and endured the conditions of human life for our sake.

As one being led toward the origin of sonship, he declared through David: 'The Lord said to me, You are my Son, today I have begotten you' (Psalm 2:7).

This 'today' points to the present time in which he became flesh, thereby making the declaration effective.

He exists by nature as Lord over all creation.

John bore witness to him, saying, 'He came to his own,' referring to the world as his domain, yet proclaiming an unfamiliar glory of the kingdom when he said, 'But I have been appointed king by him'—clearly indicating kingship under God the Father (John 1:11).

He endured these things so that, as a man made a son while remaining by nature God, he might forge a path through himself whereby human nature could share in sonship, and summon to the heavenly kingdom those who groan under sin’s tyranny.

Just as a hereditary burden—like an inheritance passed from father to all his descendants—comes to us from Adam’s transgression, weighed down with labor and mortality, so too does this divine provision extend to the entirety of the human race…

For in the fullness of the ages, He Himself spoke to us through Himself, the Son, without a prophet mediating anymore and without the holy voice, but through Himself having become for us the Only-Begotten, He made the words toward us.

We say that the Father speaks in the Son, not as through some particular human thing by means of something placed in between and carrying through to us not private words but rather the words from another, but in a particular voice, the one through the body speaking to us of the Son; for it was His, the Only-Begotten’s, flesh, and not another’s; for God being by nature became human while remaining God; then He made known to us the unutterable counsel of God and the Father; therefore it is called, 'And His name is called Angel of Great Counsel.'

Therefore rightly Paul speaks at the end of the days, having spoken in the Son to us God and Father; for He knew Him to be God, Emmanuel, having become also in humanity with us the God from Logos, He perceived the free 365 in the form of the servant, He confessed the fullness of Himself having emptied Himself for us, He beheld the height of the glory of Him who humbled Himself for us into lowliness, whoever also because of this cause is said to be appointed heir of all things, and yet ruling over all things as it is conceived and as it is God; again He returns into His own riches and after flesh; for He has not remained at all in our poverty.

Greek

προφητῶν "Ἐγὼ ὁράσεις ἐπλήθυνα "καὶ ἐν χερσὶ προφητῶν ὡμοιώθην," καὶ πάλιν "Αὐτὸς "ὁ λαλῶν πάρειμι, ὡς ὥρα ἐπὶ τῶν ὀρέων ὡς πόδες εὐαγγε"λιζομένου ἀκοὴν εἰρήνης, εὐαγγελιζομένου ἀγαθά." ἐπὶ γὰρ συντελείᾳ τῶν αἰώνων αὐτὸς ἡμῖν δι' ἑαυτοῦ λελάληκεν ὁ Υἱὸς, οὐ μεσολαβοῦντος ἔτι προφήτου καὶ φωνῆς ἁγίων ἀλλὰ δι' ἑαυτοῦ καθ' ἡμᾶς γεγονὼς ὁ Μονογενὴς τοὺς πρὸς ἡμᾶς πεποίηται λόγους. λαλῆσαι δέ φαμεν ἐν Υἱῷ τὸν Πατέρα, οὐχ ὡς δι' ἀνθρώπου τινὸς ἰδικῶς διὰ μέσου κειμένου καὶ διαπορθμεύοντος εἰς ἡμᾶς οὐκ ἰδίους μᾶλλον ἀλλὰ τοὺς παρ' ἑτέρου λόγους, ἄλλ' ἰδίᾳ φωνῇ τῇ διὰ τοῦ σώματος λαλοῦντος ἡμῖν τοῦ Υἱοῦ· αὐτοῦ γὰρ ἦν τοῦ Μονογενοῦς καὶ 1 οὐχ ἑτέρου τινὸς ἡ σάρξ· Θεὸς γὰρ ὢν φύσει γέγονεν ἄνθρωπος μετὰ τοῦ μεῖναι Θεός· τότε γὰρ τὴν ἀπόῤῥητον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς φανερὰν ἡμῖν ἐποίει βουλήν· ταύτῃτοι "καὶ καλεῖται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Μεγάλης βουλῆς ἄγγελος." Ὀρθῶς οὖν ὁ Παῦλός φησιν ἐπ' ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν ἐν Υἱῷ λελαληκέναι πρὸς ἡμᾶς τὸν Θεὸν καὶ Πατέρα· ᾔδει γὰρ ὄντα Θεὸν τὸν Ἐμμανουὴλ, γεγονότα δὲ καὶ ἐν ἀνθρωπότητι μεθ' ἡμῶν τὸν ἐκ Θεοῦ Λόγον, ἐπέγνω τὸν ἐλεύθερον 365 ἐν τῇ τοῦ δούλου μορφῇ, ὡμολόγει τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ δι' ἡμᾶς ἑαυτὸν κενώσαντος, ἐθεώρει τῆς δόξης τὸ ὕψος τοῦ καθέντος ἑαυτὸν δι' ἡμᾶς εἰς ταπείνωσιν ὅστις καὶ ταύτης ἕνεκα τῆς αἰτίας κληρονόμος πάντων τεθεῖσθαι λέγεται, καίτοι κατεξουσιάζων τῶν ὅλων καθὰ καὶ νοεῖται καὶ ἔστι Θεός· πάλιν γὰρ εἰς τὸν ἴδιον πλοῦτον ἀναφοιτᾷ καὶ μετὰ σαρκός. μεμένηκε γὰρ οὐδαμῶς ἐν τῇ καθ' ἡμᾶς πτωχείᾳ· οὐ διὰ τοῦτο γενόμενος σὰρξ ἵνα πτωχὸς ἀπομείνῃ μεθ' ἡμῶν, τὸν ἴδιόν τε καὶ θεοπρεπῆ πλοῦτον ἀποβαλὼν, ἀλλ' ἵνα μᾶλλον ἡμεῖς οἱ τῶν θείων χαρισμάτων νοσοῦντες τὴν ἔνδειαν, τῇ αὐτοῦ πτωχείᾳ πλουτήσωμεν. καὶ γοῦν Υἱὸς ὢν φύσει καὶ συναΐδιος τῷ Πατρὶ ὅτε διὰ τῆς ἁγίας παρθένου καὶ τὴν κατὰ σάρκα γέννησιν ὑπέμεινε δι' ἡμᾶς, ὡς εἰς ἀρχὰς υἱότητος ἀνακομιζόμενος ἔφασκε διὰ τοῦ ∆αυείδ "Κύριος εἶπε "πρὸς μέ Υἱός μου εἶ σὺ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε·" τὸ γάρτοι σήμερον καιροῦ τοῦ ἐνεστηκότος καθ' ὃν καὶ γέγονε σὰρξ ποιεῖται τὴν δήλωσιν· ὑπάρχων δὲ φύσει καὶ τῶν ὅλων Κύριος. μεμαρτύρηκε γὰρ Ἰωάννης περὶ αὐτοῦ ὅτι "εἰς τὰ ἴδια ἦλθεν," ἴδια λέγων αὐτοῦ τὸν κόσμον, ὡς εἰς δόξαν ἀσυνήθη τὴν τῆς βασιλείας καλούμενος ἔφασκεν "̓Εγὼ δὲ κατεστάθην βασιλεὺς ὑπ' αὐτοῦ," δῆλον δὲ ὅτι τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρός· ἠνέσχετο δὲ τῶν τοιούτων, ἵν' ὡς ἄνθρωπος υἱοποιηθεὶς, καίτοι κατὰ φύσιν ὑπάρχων Θεὸς, ὁδοποιήσῃ δι' ἑαυτοῦ τῇ ἀνθρώπου φύσει τῆς υἱοθεσίας τὴν μεθέξιν, καὶ καλέσῃ πρὸς βασιλείαν οὐρανῶν τοὺς ὑπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας τυραννουμένους· ὥσπερ γὰρ οἷά τινα κλῆρον ἐκ πατρὸς εἰς ὅλον τὸ ἐξ αὐτοῦ διήκοντα γένος ἃς ἐκ τῆς ἐν Ἀδὰμ παραβάσεως συμφορὰς ἐσχήκαμεν, ἀρᾷ καὶ θανάτῳ πεφορτισμένοι, οὕτω πάλιν εἰς ἅπαν τὸ ἀνθρώπινον γένος