Fragments on Matthew · §15

Wings, Shelter, and the Gathering of the Saints

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The gift of the altar was more glorified because what was previously placed on the altar as a sheep or a calf or something like that, through the placement upon the altar, was already a gift of God and was called so and was shown to be holy; for the altar was anointed with the oil that sanctifies, and the gift through that received sanctification. Not however in the spiritual things is it thus; for gold in the present temple of God is the Spirit itself, and the body of Christ is the gift upon the spiritual altar. Therefore, the things being put in are greater now than the things receiving; for these indeed sanctify, but those are sanctified.

Through symbols the law taught purity in life. And the custom according to the Jews was such a thing, to cleanse the cups and the vessel of the dish from the ancient traditions, so that they might hold this clean from the touch of sinners and thus avoid the fellowship of sinners, as if they were not even touching the vessels they had touched. But much more they prepared through such customs to flee from sin itself. But those who carefully observed these customs, while themselves seizing and violently gaining profit, became abominations through their works. 'Therefore, flee from injustice, O blind Pharisee, not even seeing what you do' (Mt 23, 25-26), he says; 'and clean to you are the things in the cup and in the dish, if they are not taken through injustice. Much better is the vessel cleansed by righteousness beside the water.'

Those having spiritual wisdom, which Paul says, and scribes who interpret the old things newly, so that the names are the same as with the prophets and sages and scribes of old, but the things themselves are not the same; for neither is the prophecy, nor the wisdom, nor the scribal art about the same things. But he who said 'I will send' showed the divine; for it is God's to send prophets and sages and scribes, the one capable of giving the Spirit of prophecy and wisdom and knowledge.

On account of which he was about to bring wounds upon her because she is a murderer (Mt 23, 37). Therefore he charges her as a murderer; for she, he says, is killing the prophets and stoning those sent to her, and because she, being able many times to receive mercy, was not willing; for it showed many times and many generations...

After He brought the people back from captivity, they were scattering themselves through sins. He teaches the God-befitting thing by speaking of wings and shelter, as it was said by Moses concerning God: 'He received them under His wings' (Ps 91:4); and by David: 'the children of men hope in the shelter of Your wings' (Ps 17:8). For since Satan was scattering them, partly into idolatry and partly into loves of pleasure, He sent prophets, and then came through Himself so as to 'gather' them 'into one.'

But they did not endure to be under His shelter; for He says, 'As a devoted bird, I always had you, drawing you back toward myself, but you did not want to, but were scattering yourself through sinning, casting yourself away from God.' But the bird is motherly and warm in love, caring for the children and giving herself up for them. Therefore, He pre-announces two convergences: one of Jerusalem, the second of the whole inhabited world. And who came in His name? Simon the Magician, saying he was the great power; Mani came; a certain Dositheos the Samaritan came, claiming to be the prophet proclaimed by Moses.

Montanus alone said in his local writings: 'I am the Word, the Bridegroom, the Paraclete, the Pantocrator, I am all things.' He speaks of the wilderness because John lived in the wilderness so much (Mt 24:5); and of the treasuries because Christ was born in a cave and a small hut at the first appearance (Mt 24:26). He says he contrasts the inhabited world with the desolate wilderness through the treasuries (Mt 24:26).

For just as eagles tear at a dead animal to be fed, so when Christ appears, the saints will be drawn to Him (Mt 24:27-28). For it will not be as at the first appearance, moving from place to place through the flesh during the transition, but at the second, His appearance will be manifest to all 'in the twinkling of an eye' (Mt 24:27), like a lightning bolt that does not need to be signaled. And immediately all the saints, having grown wings like eagles, are gathered to Him; for where Jesus fell as a corpse according to the economy of suffering, in order that He might raise those who fell, all will be gathered together, not by chance, but those who...

Greek

τὸ δῶρον τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου μᾶλλον ἐδόξαζον ὃ πρὶν μὲν ἐπιτεθῆναι τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ πρόβατον ἦν ἢ μόσχος ἤ τι τοιοῦτον, διὰ δὲ τὴν ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον ἐπίθεσιν θῦμα ἤδη θεοῦ ἦν καὶ ὠνομάζετο καὶ ἅγιον ἐπεδείκνυτο· καὶ γὰρ τὸ μὲν θυσιαστήριον ἐχρίετο τῷ ἁγιάζοντι χρί σματι, τὸ δὲ δῶρον δι' ἐκείνου μετελάμβανεν ἁγιασμοῦ. οὐ μὴν ἐπί γε τῶν πνευματικῶν οὕτως· χρυσὸς γὰρ ἐν τῷ νῦν ναῷ θεοῦ τῷ πνευμα τικῷ τὸ πνεῦμα ἦν αὐτὸ καὶ δῶρον ἐπὶ τοῦ πνευματικοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ. διόπερ τὰ ἐνόντα μείζονα νῦν ἢ τὰ δεχόμενα· ταῦτα μὲν γὰρ ἁγιάζει, ἐκεῖνα δὲ ἁγιάζεται. 117 Mt 23, 25®26 ∆ιὰ συμβόλων ὁ νόμος ἐδίδασκεν τὴν ἐν τῷ βίῳ καθαρότητα. καὶ ἡ κατὰ Ἰουδαίους συνήθεια τοιαύτη τις ἦν, ἐκ τῶν ἀρχαίων παραδόσεων ἀποκλύζειν τὰ ποτήρια καὶ τὸ τοῦ ὄψου σκεῦος, ἵνα καθαρὸν ἐκ τῆς τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐπαφῆς τοῦτο κατέχοιεν καὶ οὕτως τὴν τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν φεύγοιεν κοινωνίαν, ὡς μηδὲ ὧν ἐφήψαντο σκευῶν ἐφάπτεσθαι. πολλῷ δὲ μᾶλλον παρεσκευάζοντο διὰ τῶν τοιούτων ἐθῶν αὐτὴν φεύγειν τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. οἱ δὲ τὰ μὲν ἔθη ταῦτα ἐφύλαττον ἐπιμελῶς, αὐτοὶ δὲ ἁρπάζοντες καὶ βιαίως κερδαίνοντες βδελυροὶ διὰ τῶν ἔργων ἐγίνοντο. ταύτην οὖν, φησίν, ἀπόφυγε τὴν ἀδικίαν, ὦ Φαρισαῖε τυφλὲ καὶ μηδὲ ἃ πράττεις ὁρῶν· καὶ καθαρά ἐστί σοι τὰ ἐν τῷ ποτηρίῳ καὶ ἐν τῇ παροψίδι μὴ ἐξ ἀδικίας λαμβανόμενα. πολὺ κάλλιον καθαίρει τὸ σκεῦος ἡ δικαιοσύνη παρὰ τὸ ὕδωρ. 118 Mt 23, 34 Σοφοὺς τοὺς πνευματικὴν σοφίαν ἔχοντας, ἣν ὁ Παῦλός φησιν, καὶ γραμματεῖς τοὺς τὰ παλαιὰ καινῶς ἑρμηνεύοντας, ὥστε τὰ μὲν ὀνόματα τὰ αὐτὰ τοῖς πάλαι προφήταις καὶ σοφοῖς καὶ γραμματεῦσιν, οὐ τὰ αὐτὰ δὲ πράγματα· οὐδὲ γὰρ περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν ἡ προφητεία οὔτε ἡ σοφία οὔτε ἡ γραμματεία. τὸ δὲ ἀποστελῶ εἰπὼν τὸ θεϊκὸν ἔδειξεν· θεοῦ γὰρ τὸ ἀποστέλλειν προφήτας καὶ σοφοὺς καὶ γραμματεῖς τοῦ δυναμένου τὸ πνεῦμα διδόναι τῆς προφητείας καὶ σοφίας καὶ γνώ σεως. 121 Mt 23, 37 Ὑπὲρ οὗ ἔμελλε πληγὰς αὐτῇ ἐπαγαγεῖν διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὴν μιαι φόνον. αἰτιᾶται τοίνυν αὐτὴν ὡς φονικήν· ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα γάρ, φησίν, τοὺς προφήτας καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτὴν καὶ ὅτι πολλάκις δυναμένη τυχεῖν ἐλέους οὐκ ἠθέλησεν· τὸ γὰρ ποσάκις πολλοὺς ἔδειξε χρόνους καὶ πολλὰς γενεάς, ὅτε τὸν λαὸν ἐξ αἰχμαλωσίας ἐπανήγαγεν. οἱ δὲ ἐσκόρπιζον ἑαυτοὺς διὰ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν. εἰπὼν δὲ πτέρυγας καὶ σκέπην διδάσκει τὸ θεοπρεπὲς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν ἀνθρωπίνῃ μορφῇ οἷον τὸ ὑπὸ Μωυσέως εἰς θεὸν εἰρημένον· «διεὶς τὰς πτέρυγας αὐτοῦ ἐδέξατο αὐτούς »· καὶ ὁ ∆αβίδ· «οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ τῶν ἀνθρώ πων ἐν σκέπῃ τῶν πτερύγων σου ἐλπιοῦσιν »· ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ὁ σατανᾶς διεσκόρπιζεν αὐτοὺς πῇ μὲν εἰς εἰδωλολατρίαν, πῇ δὲ εἰς φιληδονίας, ἀπέστειλε προφήτας, εἶτα καὶ δι' ἑαυτοῦ ἦλθεν ὥστε «συναγαγεῖν » αὐτοὺς «εἰς ἕν». οἱ δὲ οὐκ ἠνέσχοντο ὑπὸ τὴν σκέπην αὐτοῦ εἶναι· ἐγὼ μὲν γάρ, φησίν, ὡς ὄρνις φιλόστοργος ἀεί σε εἶχον προσεπισπᾶσθαι πρὸς ἐμαυτόν, σὺ δὲ οὐκ ἤθελες, ἀλλ' ἐσκόρπιζες 15 ἑαυτὴν διὰ τοῦ ἁμαρτάνειν ἔξω ποιοῦσα ἑαυτὴν τοῦ θεοῦ· ἡ δὲ ὄρνις πολύτεκνος καὶ θερμὴ περὶ τὴν ἀγάπην καὶ κηδομένη τῶν τέκνων καὶ ἑαυτὴν παραδιδοῦσα ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν. 122 Mt 24, 5®14 διὸ καὶ δύο συντελείας προαναφωνεῖ· μίαν μὲν τὴν τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων, δευτέραν δὲ τὴν τῆς οἰκουμένης πάσης. καὶ τίνες ἦλθον ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ; Σίμων ὁ μάγος λέγων ἑαυτὸν εἶναι τὴν δύναμιν τὴν μεγάλην, ἦλθεν Μανιχαῖος, ἦλθεν ∆οσίθεός τις Σαμα ρείτης τὸν ὑπὸ Μωσέως ἀνακηρυχθέντα προφήτην λέγων ἑαυτόν. Μον τανὸς εἶπεν ἐν οἰκείοις συγγράμμασιν· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ λόγος, ὁ νυμφίος, ὁ παράκλητος, ὁ παντοκράτωρ, ἐγὼ τὰ πάντα. 123 Mt 24, 26 τὴν ἔρημον δὲ λέγει διὰ τὸ τηνικάδε τὸν Ἰωάννην ἐν ἐρήμῳ διάγειν, ἐν δὲ τοῖς ταμείοις διὰ τὸ τὸν Χριστὸν ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ παρουσίᾳ ἐν σπηλαίῳ καὶ οἰκίσκῳ μικρῷ γεγεννῆσθαι. 124 Mt 24, 26 Τῇ ἀοικήτῳ ἐρήμῳ ἀντιδιαστέλλων τὴν οἰκουμένην <ἣν> διὰ τῶν ταμιείων σημαίνει, φησίν. 125 Mt 24, 27®28 Ὥσπερ γὰρ ἐπὶ νεκρῷ ζῴῳ οἱ ἀετοὶ καταρράσσουσιν, ἵνα τραφῶσιν, οὕτω καὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὀφθέντος συνενεχθήσονται αὐτῷ οἱ ἅγιοι· οὐ γὰρ ὥσπερ ἐπὶ τῇ πρώτῃ παρουσίᾳ ἀπὸ τόπου εἰς τόπον ἐποιεῖτο τὴν μετά βασιν διὰ τὴν σάρκα, οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς δευτέρας ἔσται, ἀλλ' «ἐν ῥιπῇ ὀφθαλμοῦ » πᾶσι κατάδηλος ἔσται ἡ παρουσία αὐτοῦ, ὡς ἀστραπὴ μὴ δεομένη τοῦ μηνύοντος. καὶ εὐθέως πρὸς αὐτὸν συνάγονται πάντες οἱ ἅγιοι πτεροφυήσαντες ὡς ἀετοί· ὅπου γὰρ τὸ κατὰ τὴν οἰκονομίαν τοῦ πάθους πτῶμα πεσόντος Ἰησοῦ, ἵνα τοὺς πεσόντας στήσῃ, συνα χθήσονται οὐχ οἱ τυχόντες, ἀλλ' οἱ

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Apollinaris of Laodicea on Matthew (catena fragments).

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