Are evil spirits God’s officers or bands of robbers?
The words “and whoever has been deemed worthy of any task at all has been appointed over each, having been allotted power by the greatest God” also need a far deeper knowledge, one able to show which is the case. Are wicked demons appointed over certain things by the Word of God who governs the universe, in the way that executioners in cities, and those appointed over grim but necessary business in states, are appointed? Or, just as robbers in the wilderness set up one man to rule them, have the demons, as it were, formed bands in different regions of the earth and made themselves a ruler, to lead them in the deeds they have chosen, deeds aimed at stealing and plundering the souls of men?
Whoever means to speak well on these questions, so as to defend the Christians, who turn away from worshipping anything other than the God over all and His Word, “the firstborn of all creation” (Colossians 1:15), needs also to explain the saying, “All who came before me are thieves and robbers, and the sheep did not hear them” (John 10:8), and the saying, “The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy” (John 10:10), and anything else like these that is said in the sacred writings, such as, “Behold, I have given you authority to tread upon serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing shall ever harm you” (Luke 10:19), and, “You shall tread upon the asp and the basilisk, and you shall trample the lion and the dragon” (Psalm 91:13).
But Celsus knew nothing at all of these things; for had he known them, he would not have said: “And whatever there is in the universe, whether the work of God or of angels or of other demons or of heroes, these things have a law from the greatest God, and whoever has been deemed worthy has been appointed over each, having been allotted power. Shall not, then, the one who worships God rightly serve this being, who has obtained his authority from that source?”
To these words he adds, “For it is not possible for the same man to serve many masters” (Matthew 6:24; Luke 16:13). We shall treat this in the next book, since this seventh volume, which we have written in answer to Celsus’s treatise, has now reached a sufficient length.
Greek
Δεῖται δὲ καὶ εἰς τὸ τέτακται δὲ ἐφ᾿ ἑκάστῳ δύναμιν λαχὼν τοῦ μεγίστου θεοῦ ὅστις ἠξίωται οὑτινοσοῦν ἔργου πάνυ βαθυτέρας ἐπιστήμης καὶ δυναμένης παραστῆσαι. πότερόν ποτε ὡς οἱ δήμιοι ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι καὶ οἱ τεταγμένοι ἐπὶ τῶν σκυθρωπῶν μὲν ἀναγκαίων δὲ ἐν ταῖς πολιτείαις πραγμάτων οὕτως εἰσὶ τεταγμένοι μοχθηροὶ δαίμονες ἐπί τινων ὑπὸ τοῦ διοικοῦντος τὰ ὅλα λόγου θεοῦ, ἢ ὥσπερ οἱ ἐν ταῖς ἐρημίαις λῃστεύοντες καὶ ἕνα τινὰ προστησάμενοι ἄρχειν αὐτῶν οὕτως οἱ δαίμονες οἱονεὶ κατὰ τόπους τῆς γῆς συστήματα γενόμενοι ἄρχοντά τινα ἑαυτοῖς πεποιήκασι, τὸν ἡγησόμενον αὐτῶν εἰς τὰς πράξεις, ἃς εἵλαντο ὑπὲρ τοῦ κλέπτειν καὶ λῃστεύειν ἀνθρώπων ψυχάς. χρεία δὲ τῷ μέλλοντι εἰς ταῦτα λέγειν καλῶς. ἵνα περὶ Χριστιανῶν ἀπολογήσηται, ἐκτρεπομένων ἄλλο τι σέβειν παρὰ τὸν ἐπὶ πᾶσι θεὸν καὶ τὸν πρωτότοκον „πάσης κτίσεως“ λόγον αὐτοῦ. διηγήσασθαι καὶ τὸ „πάντες, ὅσοι ἦλθον πρὸ ἐμοῦ. κλέπται εἰσὶ καὶ λῃσταὶ. καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσεν αὐτῶν τὰ πρόβατα“ καὶ τὸ „ὁ κλέπτης οὐκ ἔρχεται. εἰ μὴ ἵνα κλέψῃ καὶ θύσῃ καὶ ἀπολέσῃ,“ καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο τούτοις εἴρηται παραπλήσιον ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς γράμμασιν, ὥσπερ καὶ τὸ „ἰδοὺ δέδωκα ὑμῖν ἐξουσίαν πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων καὶ σκορπίων καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ ἐχθροῦ, καὶ οὐδὲν ὑμᾶς οὐ μὴ ἀδικήσῃ“ καὶ τὸ „ἐπ᾿ ἀσπίδα καὶ βασιλίσκον ἐπιβήσῃ καὶ καταπατήσεις λέοντα καὶ δράκοντα.“ ἀλλ᾿ οὐδαμῶς ᾔδει ταῦτα ὁ Κέλσος· εἰ γὰρ ᾔδει, οὐκ ἂν εἶπε· καὶ ὅ τι περ ἂν ᾖ ἐν τοῖς ὅλοις. εἴτε θεοῦ ἔργον εἴτ᾿ ἀγγέων εἴτ᾿ ἄλλων δαιμόνων εἴτε ἡρώων, ταῦτ᾿ ἔχει νόμον ἐκ τοῦ μεγίστου θεοῦ, τέτακται δὲ ἐφ᾿ ἑκάστῳ δύναμιν λαχὼν ὅστις ἠξίωται; τοῦτον οὖν τὸν ἐκεῖθεν ἐξουσίας τετυχηκότα οὐ θεραπεύσει δικαίως ὁ σέβων τὸν θεόν; τούτοις δ᾿ ἐπιφέρει τὸ οὐ γὰρ οἷόν τε „δουλεύειν“ τὸν αὐτὸν πλείοσι „κυρίοις“· περὶ οὗ ἐν τῷ ἑξῆς βιβλίῳ διαληψόμεθα. ἅτε αὐτάρκη περιγραφὴν εἰληφότος τοῦ ἑβδόμου τόμου, πρὸς τὸ σύγγραμμα Κέλσου ἡμῖν γεγραμμένου.