Celsus says turning the other cheek came from Plato
After this, let us look also at his next passage, which runs as follows: “They also have a precept of this kind: not to retaliate against anyone who insults them. ‘And if he strikes one cheek,’ he says, ‘offer the other as well’ (Matthew 5:39; Luke 6:29). This too is ancient, and was said very well before them, but they have related it more crudely. For Plato too has Socrates say this in conversation with Crito: ‘Then one must in no way do wrong. – Certainly not. – Then neither must one who is wronged do wrong in return, as the many think, since one must in no way do wrong. – It seems not. – What then? Must one do harm, Crito, or not? – Surely one must not, Socrates. – What then? To do harm in return when one suffers harm, as the many say: is that just or not just? – Not at all. For doing harm to men surely differs in no way from doing wrong. – You speak the truth. – Then one must neither do wrong in return nor do harm to any man, whatever one may suffer at their hands’ (Plato, Crito 49b–c).
“These are Plato’s words, and again he says this: ‘Consider then, you too, very carefully, whether you share this view and agree with it, and let us begin our deliberation from this point: that it is never right either to do wrong, or to do wrong in return, or, when one suffers harm, to defend oneself by doing harm in return. Or do you stand apart and not share this starting point? For so it seemed to me long ago, and so it seems to me still’ (Plato, Crito 49d–e). This, then, was Plato’s view; but it had been held still earlier by divine men. But about these things, and all the others which they corrupt, let what has been said suffice; and whoever wishes to inquire further into any of them will find out.”
Greek
Μετὰ ταῦτα δὲ ἴδωμεν καὶ τὴν ἑξῆς αὐτοῦ λέξιν οὕτως ἔχουσαν· ἔστιν αὐτοῖς καὶ τοιόνδε παράγγελμα, τὸν ὑβρίζοντα μὴ ἀμύνεσθαι· κἂν τύπτῃ, φησὶ, τὴν ἑτέραν γνάθον, σὺ δὲ καὶ τὴν ἄλλην πάρεχε. ἀρχαῖον καὶ τοῦτο, εὖ μάλα πρόσθεν εἰρημένον, ἀγροικότερον δ᾿ αὐτὸ ἀπεμνημόνευσαν. ἐπεὶ καὶ Πλάτωνι πεποίηται Σωκράτης Κρίτωνι διαλεγόμενος τάδε· „οὐδαμῶς ἄρα δεῖ ἀδικεῖν. οὐ δῆτα. οὐδ᾿ ἀδικούμενον ἄρα ἀνταδικεῖν, ὡς οἱ πολλοὶ οἴονται. ἐπειδή γε οὐδαμῶς δεῖ ἀδικεῖν. οὐ φαίνεται. τί δὲ δή; κακουργεῖν δεῖ, ὦ Κρίντων. ἢ οὔ; οὐ δεῖ δή που, ὦ Σώκρατες. τί δέ; ἀντικακουργεῖν καὶ κακῶς πάσχοντα, ὡς οἱ πολλοί φασι, δίκαιον ἢ οὐ δίκαιον; οὐδαμῶς. τὸ γάρ που κακῶς ποιεῖν ἀνθρώπους τοῦ ἀδικεῖν οὐδὲν διαφέρει. ἀληθῆ λέγεις. οὔτε ἄρα ἀνταδικεῖν δεῖ οὐδὲ κακῶς ποιεῖν οὐδένα ἀνθρώπων, οὐδα᾿ ἂν ὁτιοῦν πάσχῃ παρ᾿ αὐτῶν.“ ταῦτά φησιν ὁ Πλάτων καὶ αὖθις τάδε· „σκόπει οὖν δὴ καὶ σὺ εὖ μάλα. πότερον κοινωνεῖς καὶ συνδοκεῖ σοι, καὶ ἀρχώμεθα ἐντεῦθεν βουλευόμενοι, ὡς οὐδέποτε ὀρθῶς ἔχοντος οὔτε τοῦ ἀδικεῖν οὔτε τοῦ ἀνταδικεῖν οὔτε κακῶς πάσχοντα ἀμύνεσθαι ἀντιδρῶντα κακῶς· ἢ ἀφίστασαι καὶ οὐ κοινωνεῖς τῆς ἀρχῆς; ἐμοὶ μὲν γὰρ καὶ πάλαι οὕτως καὶ νῦν ἔτι δοκεῖ.“ Πλάτωνι μὲν οὖν οὕτως ἤρεσεν, ἦν δὲ καὶ πρόσθεν ἔτι θείοις ἀνδράσι δεδογμένα. ἀλλὰ τῶνδε μὲν πέρι καὶ τῶν ἄλλων. ὅσα παραφθείρουσιν, ἀρκείτω τὰ εἰρημένα· καὶ ὅτῳ φίλον ἐπὶ πλεῖόν τι αὐτῶν ζητεῖν, εἴσεται.