Death abolished, the gates of righteousness, and the tree of life
“Death coming to an end in the world, when the sin of the world dies” is something we ourselves might say, when we explain the mystical teaching in the apostle, which runs like this: when he has brought “all the enemies” into subjection “under his feet”, then “the last enemy, death, is abolished” (1 Corinthians 15:25–26). And it is also said: “When this perishable puts on imperishability”, “then the saying that is written will come to pass: Death has been swallowed up in victory” (1 Corinthians 15:54).
As for “a narrow way down again”, perhaps those who bring in the passing of souls into other bodies will speak of it. And it is not unlikely that “gates that open of their own accord” was said by some who were hinting at and expounding the words: “Open to me the gates of righteousness, that I may go in through them and give thanks to the Lord. This is the gate of the Lord; the righteous shall go in through it” (Psalm 118:19–20). And again it is said in the ninth psalm: “You who lift me up from the gates of death, so that I may declare all your praises in the gates of the daughter of Zion” (Psalm 9:13–14). By “gates of death” the text means the sins that lead to destruction, just as, on the other hand, by “the gates of Zion” it means good deeds. So too “gates of righteousness” is the same as “the gates of virtue”; and these open readily to anyone who pursues the deeds of virtue.
As for the tree of life, someone will explain it at a more suitable time, when interpreting what is recorded in Genesis about the paradise of God, planted by him (Genesis 2:8–9). Celsus has often mocked the resurrection, which he did not understand; and now, not content with what he has already said, he says that “a resurrection of the flesh from a tree” is spoken of. He has misheard, I think, what is said in a figure: that through a tree came death and through a tree came life, death in Adam and life in Christ (1 Corinthians 15:22). Then, making sport of what is said about the tree, he mocks it on two counts, saying that it is adopted for this reason: either because our teacher was nailed to a cross, or because he was a carpenter by trade. He does not see that the tree of life is recorded in the writings of Moses (Genesis 2:9); nor does he see that nowhere in the Gospels current in the churches is Jesus himself described as a “carpenter”.
Greek
Παυόμενον δὲ ἐν κόσμῳ θάνατον, ὅταν ἀποθάνῃ ἡ τοῦ κόσμου ἁμαρτία, λέγοιμεν ἂν ἡμεῖς τὸ παρὰ τῷ ἀποστόλῳ μυστικὸν διηγούμενοι οὕτως ἔχον· ὅταν δὲ „πάντας τοὺς ἐχθροὺς“ ὑποτάξῃ „ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ“. τότε „ἔσχατος ἐχθρὸς καταργεῖται ὁ θάνατος.“ λέλεκται δὲ καί· „ὅταν τὸ φθαρτὸν τοῦτο ἐνδύσηται ἀφθαρσίαν“, „τότε γενήσεται ὁ λόγος ὁ γεγραμμένος· κατεπόθη ὁ θάνατος εἰς νῖκος.“ κάθοδον δὲ αὖθις στενὴν τάχα οἱ τὴν μετενσωμάτωσιν εἰσάγοντες φήσουσιν. αὐτομάτως δὲ ἀνοιγομένας πύλας λελέχθαι οὐκ ἀπίθανόν ἐστιν ὑπό τινων αἰνισσομένων καὶ διηγουμένων τὸ „ἀνοίξατέ μοι πύλας δικαιοσύνης. ἵν᾿ εἰσελθὼν ἐν αὐταῖς ἐξομολογήσωμαι τῷ κυρίῳ· αὕτη ἡ πύλη τοῦ κυρίου. δίκαιοι εἰσελεύσονται ἐν αὐτῇ.“ καὶ πάλιν ἐν ἐνάτῳ ψαλμῷ λέγεται· „ὁ ὑψῶν με ἐκ τῶν πυλῶν τοῦ θανάτου, ὅπως ἂν ἐξαγγείλω πάσας τὰς αἰνέσεις σου ἐν ταῖς πύλαις τῆς θυγατρὸς Σιών.“ πύλας δὲ „θανάτου“ τὰς ἐπὶ τὴν ἀπώλειαν φερούσας ἁμαρτίας φησὶν εἶναι ὁ λόγος, ὥσπερ καὶ „πύλας Σιὼν“ ἐκ τοῦ ἐναντίου τὰς καλὰς πράξεις· οὕτω δὲ καὶ „πύλας δικαιοσύνης“, ὅπερ ἴσον ἐστὶ τῷ „τὰς πύλας τῆς ἀρετῆς“· αὗται δὲ ἐξ ἑτοίμου ἀνοίγονται τῷ μεταδιώκοντι τὰς κατ᾿ ἀρετὴν πράξεις. περὶ δὲ τοῦ τῆς ζωῆς ξύλου εὐκαιρότερόν τις διηγήσεται ἑρμηνεύων τὰ περὶ τὸν ἐν τῇ Γενέσει ἀναγεγραμμένον παράδεισον τοῦ θεοῦ φυτευόμενον ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ. πολλάκις μὲν οὖν ἐχλεύασεν ὁ Κέλσος ἣν οὐκ ἐνόησεν ἀνάστασιν· νῦν δ᾿ οὐκ ἀρκεσθεὶς τοῖς εἰρημένοις φησὶ λέγεσθαι ἀνάστασιν σαρκὸς ἀπὸ ξύλου, παρακούσας οἶμαι τοῦ συμβολικῶς εἰρημένου, ὅτι διὰ ξύλου θάνατος καὶ διὰ ξύλου ζωὴ, θάνατος μὲν κατὰ τὸν Ἀδὰμ ζωὴ δὲ κατὰ τὸν Χριστόν. εἶτα παίζων τὰ περὶ τοῦ ξύλου ἀπὸ δύο τόπων αὐτὸ χλευάζει λέγων διὰ τοῦτο αὐτὸ παραλαμβάνεσθαι, ἤτοι ἐπεὶ σταυρῷ ἐνηλώθη ὁ διδάσκαλος ἡμῶν ἢ ἐπεὶ τέκτων ἦν τὴν τέχνην, οὐχ ὁρῶν ὅτι τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς ἐν τοῖς Μωϋσέως ἀναγέγραπται γράμμασιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ οὐ βλέπων ὅτι οὐδαμοῦ τῶν ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις φερομένων εὐαγγελίων „τέκτων“ αὐτὸς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀναγέγραπται.