Against Celsus, Book VI · §32 · Origen of Alexandria

Names taken from magic and from Scripture

Celsus’s reputed learning, which is really meddling curiosity and idle talk, has drawn us on to these matters. We wished to show anyone who reads his book and what we have written against it that we are not at a loss about the lore Celsus learned, on which he bases his lies against Christians, who neither hold nor know such things, even though we too have chosen to learn these things and to set them out; so that the sorcerers may not, by claiming to know something more than we do, deceive those who are carried away by the show of these names.

I could also cite many more things and show that we know the teachings of the deceivers, but disown them as alien and impious and not compatible with the truly Christian doctrines that we confess even to death. Yet it must be understood that those who composed these things, neither understanding the things of magic nor discerning those of the divine Scriptures, mixed everything together. From magic they took Ialdabaoth and Astaphaeus and Horaeus; from the Hebrew Scriptures they took the one the Hebrews call Iao, and Sabaoth, and Adonaeus, and Eloaeus. But the names taken from the Scriptures are titles of one and the same God. Not understanding this, these enemies of God, as they themselves admit they are, thought that Iao was one, Sabaoth another, Adonaeus a third besides him, whom the Scriptures call Adonai, and Eloaeus yet another, whom the prophets name in Hebrew Eloi.

Greek

Ἐπὶ ταῦτα δὲ ἡμᾶς ἡ Κέλσου νομιζομένη μὲν πολυμάθεια, μᾶλλον δ᾿ οὖσα περιεργία καὶ φλυαρία, προεκαλέσατο βουλομένους παραστῆσαι τῷ ἐντυχόντι τῇ ἐκείνου γραφῇ καὶ τοῖς ἡμῖν πρὸς αὐτὴν γεγραμμένοις ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἀπορία ἡμῖν τῶν Κέλσου μαθημάτων, ἐφ᾿ οἷς καταψεύδεται Χριστιανῶν, οὔτε φρονούντων οὔτ᾿ εἰδότων τὰ τοιαῦτα, εἰ καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐβουλήθημεν καὶ ταῦτα γνῶναι καὶ ἐκθέσθαι· ἵνα μὴ τῇ ἐπαγγελίᾳ τοῦ εἰδέναι τι πλεῖον ἡμῶν οἱ γόητες ἐξαπατῶσι τοὺς ὑπὸ τῆς τῶν ὀνομάτων φαντασίας συναρπαζομένους. ἐδυνάμην δὲ καὶ ἄλλα πλείονα παραθέμενος παραστῆσαι ὅτι ἴσμεν μὲν τὰ τῶν ἀπατεώνων, ἀρνούμεθα δὲ αὐτὰ ὡς ἀλλότρια καὶ ἀσεβῆ καὶ οὐ συνυπάρχοντα τοῖς μέχρι θανάτου ὑφ᾿ ἡμῶν ὁμολογουμένοις ἀληθῶς Χριστιανῶν λόγοις. χρὴ μέντοι εἰδέναι ὅτι οἱ ταῦτα συνταξάμενοι, οὔτε τὰ μαγείας νοήσαντες οὔτε τὰ τῶν θείων γραφῶν διακρίναντες. πάντ᾿ ἔφυραν· ἀπὸ μὲν μαγείας τὸν Ἰαλδαβαὼθ καὶ τὸν Ἀσταφαιὸν καὶ τὸν Ὡραῖον, ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν Ἑβραϊκῶν γραφῶν τὸν Ἰαωΐα παρ᾿ Ἑβραίοις ὀνομαζόμενον καὶ τὸν Σαβαὼθ καὶ τὸν Ἀδωναῖον καὶ τὸν Ἐλωαῖον. τὰ δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν ληφθέντα ὀνόματα ἐπώνυμά ἐστι τοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἑνὸς θεοῦ· ὅπερ μὴ συνέντες οἱ ἐχθροὶ θεῷ, ὡς καὶ αὐτοὶ ὁμολογοῦσιν, ᾠήθησαν ἄλλον μὲν εἶναι τὸν Ἰαὼ ἕτερον δὲ τὸν Σαβαὼθ καὶ τρίτον παρὰ τοῦτον τὸν Ἀδωναῖον, ὃν λέγουσιν αἱ γραφαὶ Ἀδωναῒ, καὶ ἄλλον τὸν Ἐλωαῖον, ὃν οἱ προφῆται ὀνομάζουσιν Ἑβραϊστὶ Ἐλωαΐ.

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About this text

Celsus claims that the best Christian teachings were taken from Plato and said better by the Greeks, and he charges Christians with the diagram of an obscure sect and with a crude reading of Genesis. Origen answers that the plain speech of Scripture serves everyone, that the prophets spoke before Plato, and that the God of the Christians is spirit, not body, and is made known through His Word.

Translated from the Greek of Koetschau, GCS 2–3 (1899), via the Perseus digital text, which serves as the base text. Each chapter was translated from the Greek and then checked clause by clause against it in an independent review. No earlier English translation was consulted.

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Translated from Koetschau GCS 2 – 3 (1899) — Greek (Greek · Book VI, chapters 1 – 81)

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