What it means that God comes down
Whether there are cycles, and floods or conflagrations by cycles, or not, and whether our teaching also knows of these things, in many passages and especially where Solomon says, “What is it that has been? The very thing that shall be. And what is it that has been done? The very thing that shall be done” (Ecclesiastes 1:9), and what follows, it is not the present occasion to say. It is enough only to note that Moses and some of the prophets, who were men of the greatest antiquity, did not take from others what they say about the conflagration of the world. Rather, if we must attend to the dates and say so, it was others who misheard them and, not grasping exactly what they said, made up the idea that in each cycle the very same things recur, indistinguishable down to their individual qualities and their accidents.
We, however, ascribe neither the flood nor the conflagration to cycles and periods of the stars. We say that their cause is wickedness, spreading ever further and purged by a flood or a conflagration. And if the prophetic words speak of God coming down, the God who said, “Do I not fill heaven and earth? says the Lord” (Jeremiah 23:24), we take it figuratively. For God comes down from his own greatness and height when he orders the affairs of men, and above all of the wicked. And just as ordinary usage says that teachers come down to little children, and that the wise, or those making progress, come down to young people who have just turned to philosophy, not meaning that they come down bodily, so wherever in the divine Scriptures God is said to come down, it is understood in the same way as this ordinary use of the word; and so too with going up.
Greek
Πότερον μὲν οὖν εἰσι περίοδοι καὶ κατὰ περιόδους κατακλυσμοὶ ἢ ἐκπυρώσεις, ἢ μὴ εἰσὶ, καὶ εἰ ἐπίσταται καὶ ταῦθ᾿ ὁ λόγος, ἐν πολλοῖς μὲν καὶ ἐν οἷς δὲ Σολομών φησι· „τί τὸ γεγονός; αὐτὸ τὸ γενησόμενον· καὶ τί τὸ πεποιημένον; αὐτὸ τὸ ποιηθησόμενον“ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς, οὐ τοῦ παρόντος ἐστὶ καιροῦ λέγειν. ἀρκεῖ γὰρ μόνον ἐπισημειώσασθαι ὅτι ἀρχαιότατοι ἄνδρες γενόμενοι Μωϋσῆς καί τινες τῶν προφητῶν οὐ παρ᾿ ἑτέρων εἰλήφασι τὰ περὶ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου ἐκπυρώσεως ἀλλ᾿, εἰ χρὴ ἐπιστήσαντα τοῖς χρόνοις εἰπεῖν, μᾶλλον τούτων ἕτεροι παρακούσαντες καὶ μὴ ἀκριβώσαντες τὰ ὑπὸ τούτων λεγόμενα ἀνέπλασαν κατὰ περιόδους ταυτότητας καὶ ἀπαραλλάκτους τοῖς ἰδίοις ποιοῖς καὶ τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν αὐτοῖς. ἡμεῖς δὲ οὔτε τὸν κατακλυσμὸν οὔτε τὴν ἐκπύρωσιν κύκλοις καὶ ἀστέρων περιόδοις ἀνατίθεμεν, ἀλλὰ τὴν τούτων αἰτίαν φαμὲν εἶναι κακίαν ἐπὶ πλεῖον χεομένην καὶ καθαιρομένην κατακλυσμῷ ἢ ἐκπυ ρώσει. θεὸν δὲ καταβαίνοντα ἐὰν λέγωσιν αἱ προφητικαὶ φωναὶ τὸν φήσαντα· „οὐχὶ τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν ἐγὼ πληρῶ; λέγει κύριος,“ τροπολογοῦμεν. καταβαίνει γὰρ ὁ θεὸς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰδίου μεγέθους καὶ ὕψους, ὅτε τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων καὶ μάλιστα τῶν φαύλων οἰκονομεῖ. καὶ ὥσπερ ἡ συνήθεια συγκαταβαίνειν φησὶ τοῖς νηπίοις τοὺς διδασκάλους καὶ τοῖς ἄρτι προτραπεῖσιν ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν νέοις τοὺς σοφοὺς ἢ τοὺς προκόπτοντας οὐ τῷ σωματικῶς αὐτοὺς καταβαίνειν, οὕτως εἴ που λέγεται ἐν ταῖς θείαις γραφαῖς καταβαίνειν ὁ θεὸς, ἀνάλογον νοεῖται τῇ οὑτωσὶ χρωμένῃ τῷ ὀνόματι συνηθείᾳ, οὕτω δὲ καὶ ἀναβαίνειν.