The sign given to the house of David
But so that we may not seem to rest on a Hebrew word, offering people who cannot tell whether to accept it or not our proof that the prophet said this child would be born of a virgin, the child of whose birth the words “God with us” have been spoken, let us make the point good from the wording itself. The Lord is recorded as having said to Ahaz: “Ask for yourself a sign from the Lord your God, in the depth or in the height” (Isaiah 7:11), and next comes the sign that is given: “Behold, the virgin shall be with child and bear a son” (Isaiah 7:14). What sort of sign, then, would it be for a young woman who was not a virgin to give birth? And to whom is it more fitting to bear “Emmanuel,” that is, “God with us” (Matthew 1:23)? To a woman who has had intercourse and conceived through a woman’s passion, or to one still pure and chaste and a virgin? For it is fitting for her to bring forth the offspring at whose birth it is said, “God with us.”
And if he quibbles in this way too, saying that the words “Ask for yourself a sign from the Lord your God” were spoken to Ahaz, we shall answer: who was born in the time of Ahaz at whose birth it is said, “Emmanuel, which is, God with us”? For if no one is to be found, then clearly what was said to Ahaz was said to the house of David (Isaiah 7:13), because the Saviour is recorded to have come “from the seed of David according to the flesh” (Romans 1:3). Moreover, this sign is said to be “in the depth or in the height,” since “he who descended is the very one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things” (Ephesians 4:10). I say this as to a Jew who accepts the prophecy.
But let Celsus too, or any of his party, say with what kind of mind the prophet speaks of the future, in these words or in any of the others recorded in the prophecies. Is it a mind that foreknows the future, or not? If it foreknows the future, the prophets had a divine Spirit. If it does not foreknow the future, let him explain the mind of a man who ventures to speak about the future and is admired among the Jews for prophecy.
Greek
Ἵνα δὲ μὴ δοκῶμεν ἀπὸ λέξεως Ἑβραϊκῆς τοῖς μὴ καταλαμβάνουσι, πότερον συγκαταθετέον αὐτῇ ἢ μὴ, φέρειν παραμυθίαν περὶ τοῦ προφήτην εἰρηκέναι ἐκ παρθένου τεχθήσεσθαι τοῦτον, ἐφ᾿ οὗ τῇ γενέσει λέλεκται τὸ „μεθ᾿ ἡμῶν ὁ θεὸς“, φέρε ἐπ᾿ αὐτῆς τῆς λέξεως παραμυθησώμεθα τὸ λεγόμενον. ὁ μὲν κύριος ἀναγέγραπται εἰρηκέναι τῷ Ἄχαζ· „αἴτησαι σεαυτῷ σημεῖον παρὰ κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου εἰς βάθος ἢ εἰς ὕψος,“ ἑξῆς δὲ τὸ διδόμενον σημεῖον τὸ „ἰδοὺ ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει καὶ τέξεται υἱόν.“ ποῖον οὖν σημεῖον τὸ νεάνιδα, μὴ παρθένον τεκεῖν; καὶ τίνι μᾶλλον ἁρμόζει γεννῆσαι „Ἐμμανουὴλ,“ τουτέστι „μεθ᾿ ἡμῶν ὁ θεὸς,“ ἆρα γυναικὶ συνουσιασθείσῃ καὶ διὰ πάθους γυναικείου συλλαβούσῃ ἢ ἔτι καθαρᾷ καὶ ἁγνῇ καὶ παρθένῳ; ταύτῃ γὰρ πρέπει γεννᾶν γέννημα, ἐφ᾿ ᾧ τεχθέντι λέγεται τὸ „μεθ᾿ ἡμῶν ὁ θεός.“ ἐὰν δὲ καὶ οὕτως εὑρεσιλογῇ λέγων ὅτι τῷ Ἄχαζ εἴρηται· „αἴτησαι σεαυτῷ σημεῖον παρὰ κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου,“ ἀπαντήσομεν· κατὰ τοὺς χρόνους τοῦ Ἄχαζ τίς ἐγεννήθη, ἐφ᾿ οἷ τῇ γενέσει λέγεται τὸ „Ἐμμανουὴλ, ὅ ἐστι μεθ᾿ ἡμῶν ὁ θεός,·“ εἰ γὰρ οὐδεὶς εὑρεθήσεται, δηλονότι τὸ τῷ Ἄχαζ εἰρημένον τῷ οἴκῳ εἴρηται Δαυὶδ διὰ τὸ „ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυὶδ“ ἀναγεγράφθαι τὸν σωτῆρα γεγονέναι „τὸ κατὰ σάρκα“· ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ „σημεῖον“ τοῦτο „εἰς βάθος ἢ εἰς ὕψος“ λέγεται εἶναι, ἐπεὶ „ὁ καταβὰς οὗτός ἐστι καὶ ὁ ἀναβὰς ὑπεράνω πάντων τῶν οὐρανῶν, ἵνα πληρώσῃ τὰ πάντα.“ ταῦτα δὲ λέγω ὡς πρὸς τὸν Ἰουδαῖον συγκατατιθέμενον τῇ προφητείᾳ. λεγέτω δὲ καὶ Κέλσος ἤ τις τῶν σὺν αὐτῷ, ποίῳ νῷ ὁ προφήτης περὶ μελλόντων ἢ ταῦτα ἢ ἕτερα λέγει, ὁπόσα ἀναγέγραπται ἐν ταῖς προφητείαις· ἆρα γὰρ προγνωστικῷ μελλόντων ἢ οὔ; εἰ μὲν γὰρ προγνωστικῷ μελλόντων, θεῖον εἶχον πνεῦμα οἱ προφῆται· εἰ δ᾿ οὐ προγνωστικῷ μελλόντων, παραστησάτω τὸν νοῦν τοῦ ἀποτολμῶντος καὶ λέγοντος περὶ μελλόντων καὶ θαυμαζομένου παρὰ τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ἐπὶ προφητείᾳ.