Thomas: grace really distinct from charity, seated in the soul's essence
Thesis XXII. Thomas, the prince of the Roman School, and very many others teach that this justifying grace that makes pleasing is a quality really distinct from charity and from all the other habits of the virtues.
They hold that the subject of grace is the very substance of the soul, where it has its seat directly, while the subject of charity and the other virtues is the soul's powers, that is, the mind and the will. In their view grace stands to the infused virtues as the soul stands to its powers.
The soul gives natural being to the body, and from it flow the powers that are its instruments. In the same way the grace in question gives the soul a kind of supernatural being, and from it flow, in a manner, the habits of the infused virtues, which are the proximate principles of supernatural action.
Latin
XXII. Et quidem Thomas Scholae Romanae princeps, & alii plurimi docent gratiam illam justificantem & gratum facientem esse qualitatem quandam realiter distinctam a charitate, & reliquis omnibus habitibus virtutum. Quippe volunt gratiae subjectum esse ipsam animae substantiam, in qua immediate sedem suam habeat: charitatis autem, & aliarum virtutum subjectum esse animae potentias, mentem, scilicet, atque voluntatem. Existimant enim ita se habere gratiam ad virtutes infusas, quemadmodum se habet anima ad suas potentias. Et sicut anima dat esse naturale corpori; ex ipsa autem potentiae fluunt, quae sunt animae instrumenta: sic etiam gratiam, de qua jam quaestio est, dare animae esse quoddam supernaturale: ex ipsa vero quodammodo fluere habitus virtutum infusarum, quae sunt principia proxima operationis supernaturalis.