Later scholastics in the same line: Thomas of Strasbourg, Marsilius, Biel, Orbellis, Brulefer
These luminaries of the school were followed in the centuries just after them by a great many other scholastics.
Thomas of Strasbourg says: 'The necessity of compulsion removes merit; the necessity of immutability that comes from perfected virtue does not remove it but increases it.' Marsilius of Inghen says: 'What is necessary and inevitable, not by nature but by grace, does not cease to be praiseworthy.'
Gabriel Biel says: 'The act of blessedness is freely brought forth, and so is contingent though unchangeable and everlasting. It is free, I mean, by consent and delight, though not free to do the contrary, and that freedom is enough for merit.'
Nicholas de Orbellis borrows Bonaventure's words: free choice is called free simply, not because in willing one thing it can will the opposite, but because whatever it wills it seeks under its own command. It wills something in such a way that it wills itself to will it, so that in the act of willing it moves and rules itself, and for that reason it is called free even though it is unchangeably directed to its object.
Finally Stephen Brulefer teaches: 'The act of free choice as deliberating, though it may concern what is necessary, is always contingent. But the act of free choice as free can not only concern what is necessary but can itself be necessary.'
All these passages, and many more, are quoted at length by Jansenius in the sixth book on the grace of the Saviour, chapter 29 and following.
Latin
XX. Porro ista scholae lumina insequentibus proxime seculis secuti sunt alii magno numero Scholastici, ut Thomas de Argentina juxta quem Necessitas coactionis tollit rationem meriti, necessitas immutabilitatis proveniens ex perfectione virtutum non tollit, sed auget. Marsilius ab Inghen ex cujus sententia Necessarium & inevitabile, non per naturam, sed per gratiam, non tollit rationem laudabilis. Gabriel Biel secundum quem Actus beatitudinis est libere elicitus, & ita contingens etsi immutabilis & perpetuus. Libere, inquam, complacenter, licet non libere contradictorie, quae libertas sufficit ad rationem meriti. Nicolaus de Orbellis cujus haec verba sunt a Bonaventura desumpta, Dicitur liberum arbitrium simpliciter, non quod sic velit hoc ut possit velle oppositum, sed quia omne quod vult appetit ad sui ipsius imperium, quia sic vult aliquid ut velit se velle illud, & ideo in actu volendi seipsum movet, & sibi dominatur; & pro tanto dicitur liberum, quamvis immutabiliter ordinetur ad illud. Denique Stephanus Brulefer qui docet quod Actus liberi Arbitrii deliberantis, quamvis possit esse circa necessarium, semper est contingens. Actus vero liberi Arbitrii, ut liberum est, non solum potest esse circa necessarium, sed etiam necessarius in se. Quorum omnium, & plurium aliorum loca prolixe citata videre licet apud jam dictum Jansenium libro illo sexto de gratia Salvatoris cap. 29. & sequentibus.