To Florus · §1.141

To Florus 1.141

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The earth opens to bring forth a shoot before it receives seed through the cultivator's work. This is fulfilled in the Virgin's childbirth: through the gift of motherhood she preceded and excluded the function of a wife. Almighty God promises to do what was not customary. Foreseeing the multitude of unbelievers, he adds: “Woe to one who contradicts his maker, a potsherd among the earth's earthenware!” (Isaiah 45:9) (Luke 1:34–35). That is: “Woe to those who, despite God's promise, insist that a virgin could not become pregnant! Although every one of them is shaped in a mother's womb from seeds established by God, with God's power intervening, they obstinately insist that flesh could not have been fashioned from the Virgin's flesh without a man's service” (compare Luke 1:34–35).

“You stubborn people, when you think I could not do this and prescribe limits to me because of its difficulty, although you yourselves were plainly made by my hands, you are like clay that, while being worked by its potter, said to him, ‘You have no hands’, the very hands then shaping it into a vessel. So you who ask who gave the Virgin a son without a man's seed must recognize that it is the same one who made you from seed.”

But since Holy Scripture permits varied interpretation, and both explanations have harmonized in a devout and reverent way, let the first book now end. Let its ending nevertheless remind the reader to believe that God is the maker of newborn children, the protector of the innocent, the rewarder of catholics, and the condemner of Manichaeans.

Latin source witness

Latin

Ante terra aperitur in germen, quam opera colentis semen accipiat; quod in puerperio virginis approbatur, quae munere matris officium praevenit et exclusit uxoris. Quod ergo in usu non erat, id facturum se Deus omnipotens pollicetur; et addit, praevidens infidelium multitudinem: Vae qui contradicit fictori suo, testa de samiis terrae [n378] . Id est: Vae his qui, Deo promittente, fetam fieri virginem non potuisse contendunt; cumque ipsi totidem licet de seminibus a Deo institutis, tamen interveniente Dei potentia, in visceribus fingantur maternis, obstipo studio affirmant, nequivisse carnem sine ministerio viri ex carne virginis fabricari. Tale est igitur quod vos, o pervicaces, non putatis me id facere potuisse, ac mihi de rei difficultate praescribitis, cum vos ipsos manibus meis constet effectos; quale, si lutum figulo suo, cum ab eo tractatur, diceret: Non habes manus; quibus tunc in vas aliquod formabatur. Ita ergo et vos, qui inquiritis quis filium virgini dederit sine viri semine, cognoscite eumdem esse qui vos fecit ex semine. Sed iam quoniam Scripturis sanctis expositio varia licet, utraque tamen pia et religiosa concinuit, primus terminetur liber; suo tamen fine commonens, ut opifex nascentium Deus credatur, innocentium tutor, Catholicorum remunerator, Manichaeorumque damnator.

About this text

Julian’s six preserved books to Florus, quoted section by section in Augustine’s unfinished reply. Augustine’s refutations are omitted. Latin of Julian’s words is on each section.

Julian’s own books do not survive as a separate manuscript. English follows his words as Augustine quotes them in the Unfinished Work Against Julian. Augustine’s replies are omitted. We do not restore a Julian text independent of Augustine.

Witnesses

  • Copy-text Augustine, Unfinished Work Against Julian (Latin · Julian’s words as quoted, Books 1–6)
  • Checked print Augustinus.it Latin of the Unfinished Work (Latin · Same work)
  • Checked print Migne PL 45 (Latin · Hard cases)

This is an AI-assisted study translation. Source fidelity and completeness have not been independently certified. Open Latin on each section (or the Latin source witness link) for the source text. This is not a complete critical edition.