The Order of Resurrection and the Life in Christ
Because some in Corinth were saying that the soul is corruptible and that the resurrection of the body is superfluous, Paul refutes their error (1 Cor 15:1-2). He says: I make known to you the gospel, through which you were called out of the error of many gods to know the true God, through which you are being confirmed and have salvation, the gospel of God. I make known to you the gospel, so that you may know that the memory concerning the resurrection of the dead is not mine, but belongs to no one else.
He delivered to me the gospel, that the Savior, having come, having truly taken on a body, died in order to raise the dead, and having been buried, he rose (1 Cor 15:3-4). Then, so that the simpler ones might not be disturbed, he brings forward the death of Christ: according to the Scriptures, for such things as were foretold about him the prophets have suffered (1 Cor 15:4). Since therefore he died and was buried and rose, it is following that the humans shall rise through him who rose for them, he becoming the cause of the resurrection. But if it is said that Christ died and was buried, this is to be understood concerning his body, not of the soul. Since therefore they believed in the resurrection of the Savior, they are blameworthy if they have not accepted along with the resurrection of the Savior the resurrection of all.
Of this resurrection of his, those first associated with him are eyewitnesses, and then five hundred (1 Cor 15:5-8). These things, he says, I hand over to those whom the deceivers, who are opposing you, are not able to contradict. However, if even the body of the dead rises, it rises incorruptible and spiritual; therefore it did not appear to all, but only to those whom he wished. In this way, after the ascension, he was seen by Paul, who, measuring himself as a misfit, perceiving that he came to be an apostle from repentance, and being unworthy even of the name as a persecutor. But even if he was such in the past, he now has this as a teacher by grace (1 Cor 15:9-10). Even if formerly a persecutor, but now a teacher by the grace of God which is not vain (1 Cor 15:10).
Since it had taken hold of him, after being strengthened by it more abundantly, he more vigorously endured the struggles for the pious faith. And the whole achievement which he had by choice, he offers up to the grace given to him by God (1 Kor 15:12-17).
If anyone says that the dead are not raised, since it is necessary that all should rise if Christ has risen, does he not also say not even Christ was raised? And if he did not rise, see how much he overturns things into absurdity; we who say this shall be found false witnesses against God, even if you foolishly agreed to the resurrection of the Lord, but even if you glory in the faith of the risen one in being freed from sins, you have not cast away your sins (1 Kor 15:18).
He who does not accept that the human soul is immortal and for this reason is unbelieving regarding the resurrection, such a person is wretched, depriving himself of the eternal life through which the saints are rich, worthy of receiving reward. Even if some are unbelieving, let us hope for a resurrection, knowing how Christ has become the firstfruits, a resurrection of those who have fallen asleep; through which all shall be tested of the immortal life, for they follow (1 Kor 15:21-22).
Because through the transgression of Adam the law, all those from him have died, so also in Christ, not knowing sin, they shall be made alive (1 Kor 15:21-22). But some of the heretics say only the soul is made alive in Christ of the righteous, for the life-giving shall be of all who died in Adam (1 Kor 15:23-24a).
As the resurrection of Christ is being first, it shall be first in honor; then after that the believers shall be arranged in the presence of Christ according to the proportion of the faith they have, with which there is an end, thus being distributed from end to beginning, but that for the sake of which all the other things are joining together toward salvation, that itself, not for the sake of another, exists as the last thing desirable in itself and by itself excellent (1 Kor 15:24b-26). The Kingdom says thus of those ruling, that is, their own flesh which...
Greek
Fragmenta in epistulam i ad Corinthios 1 Kor 15,1-2 Ἐπειδή τινες ἐν Κορίνθῳ ἔλεγον εἶναι τὴν ψυχὴν φθαρτὴν καὶ περιττὴν τὴν τοῦ σώματος ἀνάστασιν, διελέγχει αὐτῶν ὁ Παῦλος τὴν πλάνην, καί φησιν· τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, δι' οὗ ἐκλήθητε ἐκ τῆς πολυθέου πλάνης ἐπὶ τὸ γινώσκειν τὸν ἀληθινὸν θεόν, δι' οὗ βεβαιοῦσθε καὶ σωτηρίαν ἔχετε, γνώριμον ὑμῖν καθίστημι. Τὸ τοῦ θεοῦ εὐαγγέλιον γνωρίζω ὑμῖν, ἵνα εἰδῆτε ὅτι οὐκ ἐμή, ἀλλ' οὔ τινος ἡ περὶ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν μνήμη. 1 Kor 15, 3-4 Παρέδωκέ μοι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, ὅτι ἐπιδημήσας ὁ σωτὴρ καὶ σῶμα κατ' ἀλήθειαν φορέσας, ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἀναστῆναι τοὺς τεθνεώτας ἀποθανὼν καὶ ταφεὶς ἀνέστη. εἶτα ἵνα μὴ θορυβηθῶσιν οἱ ἁπλούστεροι θάνατον τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἐπάγει· κατὰ τὰς γραφάς· τοιαῦτα γὰρ πέπονθε ὅσα περὶ αὐτοῦ προανεφώνησαν οἱ προφῆται. ἐπεὶ οὖν ἀπέθανε καὶ ἐτάφη καὶ ἀνέστη, ἀκόλουθόν ἐστιν ἀναστῆναι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους διὰ τὸν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀναστάντα, αὐτοῦ αἰτίου γενομένου τῆς ἐγέρσεως. εἰ δὲ λέγεται Χριστὸς τεθνάναι καὶ τεθάφθαι, περὶ τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ τοῦτο ἐκληπτέον, οὐ τῆς ψυχῆς. ἐπεὶ οὖν ἐπίστευσαν τῇ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἀναστάσει, μεμπταῖοί εἰσι μὴ συμπαραδεξάμενοι τῇ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἀναστάσει καὶ τὴν πάντων ἀνάστασιν. 1 Kor 15, 5-9 Ταύτης αὐτοῦ τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτόπται ἀξιομάρτυρές εἰσιν οἱ πρῶτοι αὐτῷ συνόντες, ἔπειτα πεντακόσιοι. Ταῦτα, φησί, παραδίδωμι οἷς ἀντειπεῖν οὐ δύνανται οἱ ἀπατῶντες ὑμᾶς. ὅμως, εἰ καὶ τὸ τεθνεὸς σῶμα ἀνίσταται, ἀλλ' ἄφθαρτον καὶ πνευματικόν· διὸ οὐδὲ πᾶσιν ἐφαίνετο ἀλλ' οἷς ἤθελεν. οὕτως μετὰ τὴν ἀνάληψιν ὤφθη τῷ Παύλῳ, ὃς μετριάζων καλεῖ ἑαυτὸν ἔκτρωμα, συναισθόμενος ὅτι ἐκ μετανοίας ἐλήλυθε εἰς τὸ ἀπόστολον εἶναι, καὶ ὡς 7 μηδὲ τῆς ὀνομασίας ἄξιος ὢν ὡς διώκτης. πλὴν εἰ καὶ πάλαι τοιοῦτο, ἀλλὰ νῦν διδάσκαλος ἔχων τοῦτο ἐκ δωρεᾶς. 1 Kor 15, 10-11 Εἰ καὶ πάλαι διώκτης, ἀλλὰ νῦν διδάσκαλος δωρεᾷ θεοῦ ἥτις οὐ ματαίως ἐνυπῆρξεν αὐτῷ, ἐπείπερ ἐνδυναμωθεὶς ὑπ' αὐτῆς περισσοτέρως ἀνέτλη τοὺς ἀγῶνας ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐσεβοῦς πίστεως. ὅλον δὲ τὸ κατόρθωμα ὃ ἔσχεν ἐκ προαιρέσεως, ἀνατίθησι τῇ δοθείσῃ χάριτι θεόθεν αὐτῳ 1 Kor 15, 12-17 Εἴ τις λέγει μὴ ἐγείρεσθαι τοὺς νεκρούς, ἐπειδὴ ἀνάγκη Χριστοῦ ἀναστάντος πάντας ἀνίστασθαι, οὔκουν ἀναγκαίως λέγει μηδὲ Χριστὸν ἐγηγέρθαι; εἰ δὲ οὐκ ἀνέστη, ὅρα πόσα ἀνακύπτει ἄτοπα· ἡμεῖς οἱ εἰπόντες τοῦτο ψευδομάρτυρες εὑρεθησόμεθα κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, εἰ καὶ ὡς ὑμεῖς ἠλιθίως συνέθεσθε τῇ ἐγέρσει τοῦ κυρίου, ἀλλὰ καὶ πίστει τοῦ ἀναστάντος δόξαντες ἠλευθερῶσθαι τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν, οὐκ ἀπεβάλετε τὰς ἁμαρτίας ὑμῶν. 1 Kor 15, 18- Ὁ μὴ παραδεξάμενος τὴν ἀνθρώπου ψυχὴν ἀθάνατον εἶναι καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἀπιστῶν τῇ ἀναστάσει, οἰκτρὸς ὁ τοιοῦτος στερῶν ἑαυτὸν τῆς αἰωνίου ζωῆς δι' ἣν πλούσιοι οἱ ἅγιοι ἀξίων ἀμοιβῶν τυγχάνοντες. Εἰ καὶ ἀπιστῶσί τινες, ἀλλ' ἡμεῖς προσδοκῶμεν ἀνάστασιν, εἰδότες ὡς ἀπαρχὴ Χριστὸς γέγονεν, ἀνάστασις τῶν κεκοιμημένων· δι' ὧν πάντες πειραθήσονται τῆς ἀθανάτου ζωῆς, ἀκολουθὸν γάρ. 1 Kor 15, 21-22 Ἐπειδὴ διὰ τὸ παραβῆναι τὸν Ἀδὰμ τὸν νόμον οἱ ἐξ αὐτοῦ πάντες τεθνήκασιν, οὕτως καὶ ἐν τῷ Χριστῷ μὴ γνόντι ἁμαρτίαν ζωοποιηθήσονται. τινὲς δὲ τῶν αἱρετικῶν μόνην λέγουσι τὴν ψυχὴν ζωοποιεῖσθαι ἐν Χριστῷ τῶν δικαίων, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ** ἡ γὰρ ζωοποίησις πάντων ἔσται τῶν ἀποθανόντων ἐν τῷ Ἀδάμ. 1 Kor 15,23-24a Ὡς πρὸ πάντων οὖσα ἡ Χριστοῦ ἀνάστασις, πρώτη ἔσται ἐν τιμῇ· εἶτα ἑξῆς οἱ πιστοὶ κατ' ἀναλογίαν ἧς ἔχουσι πίστεως τάσσονται ἐν τῇ τοῦ Χριστοῦ παρουσίᾳ, μεθ' ἣν ἔστιν τὸ τέλος οὕτω πρὸς ἀρχὴν διαστελλόμενον, ἀλλὰ τὸ οὗ εἵνεκα τὰ ἄλλα πάντα τὰ συντείνοντα πρὸς 8 σωτηρίαν, αὐτὸ δὲ οὐκ ἄλλου 1 χάριν ὑπάρχον ἔσχατον ὀρεκτὸν καθ' ἑαυτὸ καὶ δι' ἑαυτὸ αἱρετὸν τυγχάνον. 1 Kor 15,24b-26 Βασιλείαν ὧδε λέγει τοὺς βασιλευομένους, ἤτοι τὴν ἰδίαν σάρκα ἣν
About this text
Didymus the Blind explains Paul's gospel, revealing how Christ's resurrection and reign bring salvation and defeat evil.
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- Copy-text PG (Khazarzar) (Greek)
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