System of Sacred Theology · §4.8.2 · Ludwig Crocius

II. Four classes of ceremonial precepts; sacrifices divided

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II. Its precepts, however varied, may chiefly be referred to four classes: sacraments, sacrifices, sacred things, and legal observances. Of the sacraments we will speak below in their place.

A sacrifice is an external sacred action by which some sensible, permanent thing is offered immediately to God by a properly authorized minister, to testify His supreme dominion and the human's subjection. four ways: by matter, by form, by bloody or unbloody offering, and by particular end (latreutic, eucharistic, petitionary, or propitiatory).

By sacred things are meant sacred persons and all else required for external worship. Legal observances were ceremonies of pacification and sanctification by which they were distinguished from unbelievers.

Latin

II. Ejus praecepta, quantumvis varia, tamen ad quatuor classes potissimum referri possunt: sacramenta, sacrificia, sacra, & legales observationes. De sacramentis inferius suo loco dicetur. Sacrificium vero est externa sacra actio, qua res aliqua sensibilis, permanens, a legitimo ministro Deo proxime offertur, ad testificandum supremum illius dominium & hominis subjectionem. Dividi autem possunt sacrificia quadriariam: 1. ratione materiae (animal / inanimis; holocaustum, immolatio, libamen); 2. ex forma (holocaustum, hostia pacifica, hostia pro peccato); 3. ex parte rei oblatae (cruentum / incruentum); 4. ex fine (latreuticum, eucharisticum, impetratorium, hilasticum). Per sacra intelliguntur personae sacrae, loca, tempus, vasa, instrumenta cultus. Observationes legales erant ceremoniae ad pacificationem & sanctificationem pertinentes, quibus ab infidelibus discernebantur.

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About this text

Ludwig Crocius's System of Sacred Theology (Bremen, 1636), all four books: theology and its rule in Scripture; man's last end, death and the resurrection; God, the Trinity, creation, providence and sin; and the grace of Christ, the Word and sacraments, faith, the Christian life and prayer.

Ludwig Crocius (1586–1655) taught theology and philosophy at Bremen and sat as a delegate at the Synod of Dort (1618–1619). A Calvinist of the irenic school, he spent his career seeking common ground between the Reformed and Lutheran churches.

His System of Sacred Theology (Bremen, 1636) is a full Reformed dogmatics in the high-orthodox style: precise definitions, ordered questions, objections raised and answered.

Date1636 AD (Bremen; Reformed professor)

EditionSyntagma sacrae theologiae (Bremen: Berthold Villerian, 1636)

English follows the 1636 Bremen Latin (Berthold Villerian), read chapter by chapter from the SLUB Dresden page images, with a machine reading of the same pages as a check. No modern English was copied. The author index at the end of the volume is not translated.

Reference

VD17 14:684303C. SLUB id335860389.

We have not yet re-checked this work against its source. We made this study translation with AI help. No scholar has yet certified it as faithful and complete. Open Latin on any section, or the Latin source link, to see the source text. It is not a critical edition.

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