Ratio II from providence; Ratio III baptism for the dead — early interpretations
II. From God's providence, by which it must finally go wellof whom in this life it goes ill, v.19. And v.20 he returns to the first reason.
III. From baptism for the dead, v.29. This reason is difficult and has strangely exercised the most learned interpreters. First Epiphanius (Haer. 28 on the Cerinthians) reports some who, when someone died without baptism, substituted another to be baptized for the dead. Second, others of those baptized when near death — preferred by Calvin, Vermigli, Gualther, Hemmingsen. Third Chrysostom on Marcionite abuse; he expounds of confession of the resurrection before baptism. Fourth Sedulius and the schoolmen of the death of sin. Fifth Bellarmine of the baptism of tears for purgatory. Sixth Guilandus and the Leiden theologians of martyrdom. Seventh Major of baptism over graves — of which custom there is no trace. Eighth of sepulchral washing. Ninth Camerarius. Tenth Scaliger of annual refrigerium.
Latin
II. A Dei providentia, per quam fieri nequit quin tandem piis & bonis, quibus plerisque in hac vita male est, bene sit, v.19. Et v.20 redit ad rationem primam. III. A baptismo pro mortuis, v.29. Quae ratio difficilis est & doctissimos interpretes mire exercuit. Primo Epiphanius haeres. 28. de Cerinthianis refert fuisse qui cum morte aliquis praeventus sine baptismo decessisset, sufficerent alium quem pro defuncto baptizarent. Secundo Epiphanius subnectit alios interpretantes de iis morti vicinis baptizatis. Hanc interpretationem praeferunt Calvinus, Petrus Martyr, Gualtherus, Hemmingius. Tertio Chrysostomus de Marcionitis abusus; exponit de confessione resurrectionis ante baptismum. Quarto Sedulius & scholastici de morte peccati. Quinto Bellarminus de baptismo lacrymarum ad purgatorium. Sexto Guilandus & Leidenenses de martyrio. Septimo Major de baptismo super sepulchris — cujus moris vestigium nullum. Octavo de lotione sepulchrali. Nono Camerarius. Decimo Scaliger de refrigerio annuo.